二元区分视角下数据安全的刑法保护路径
The Criminal Law Protection Path of Data Security from the Perspective of Binary Discrimination

数据的滥用或泄露会对国家安全造成严重威胁，刑法应当对数据安全进行全方位保护。当前学界对于数据的内涵尚未明晰，数据存在存储形式和主体身份两种分类标准。我国刑法对于数据的保护处于较为滞后的状态，存在对数据安全的保护思路不统一、数据保护依附于其他法益、保护范围过于狭窄等问题。为有效保护数据安全，可从个人数据的刑法保护和一般数据的刑法保护两条路径构建我国数据安全刑法保护体系。
The abuse or leakage of data can pose a serious threat to national security, and criminal law should provide comprehensive protection for data security. The current academic community has not yet clarified the connotation of data, and there are two classification standards for data: storage form and subject identity. The protection of data in China’s criminal law is in a relatively backward state, with problems such as inconsistent protection ideas for data security, depen-dence of data protection on other legal interests, and too narrow protection scope. To effectively protect data security, China’s data security criminal law protection system can be constructed from two paths: the criminal law protection of personal data and the criminal law protection of general data.