黏弹介质槽波超前探测陷落柱三维数值模拟
Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Collapse Column in Viscoelastic Medium with In-Seam Wave Advance Detection

工作面前方隐伏陷落柱的存在常引发突水等安全事故，给煤矿安全生产与经济收益造成影响。实际地下煤层具有黏弹特性，会使地震波能量产生衰减。为研究实际煤矿中掘进巷道前方存在陷落柱条件下反射槽波的传播规律，建立了三维黏弹性含陷落柱煤系地质模型，对三维黏弹一阶速度–应力方程进行了高阶有限差分数值模拟，分析了三分量的波场快照与合成地震记录。结果表明，Y分量的反射Love槽波能量大、波形特征明显；X和Z分量的反射Rayleigh槽波能量较小、同相轴较模糊。因此，建议在实际煤矿开采时利用Love槽波超前探测陷落柱。
The existence of hidden collapse columns in front of the working face often causes safety accidents such as water inrush, which affects the safety production and economic benefits of coal mines. The actual underground coal seam has viscoelastic properties, which will cause attenuation of seismic wave energy. In order to study the propagation law of reflected in-seam wave under the condition of collapse column in front of tunneling roadway in actual coal mine, a three-dimensional viscoelastic coal measure geological model with collapse column was established. The high-order finite difference numerical simulation of three-dimensional viscoelastic first-order velocity-stress equation was carried out, and the three-component wave field snapshot and synthetic seismic record were analyzed. The results show that the reflected Love in-seam wave of Y component has large energy and obvious waveform characteristics. The reflected Rayleigh in-seam wave energy of the X and Z components is small and the in-phase axis is blurred. Therefore, it is suggested to use Love channel wave to detect collapse column in advance in actual coal mining.