容闳西学东渐思想与两次西学东渐思潮的渊源探析
A Probe into the Origin of Yung Wing’s Thought of Eastward Spread of Western Learning and the Two Thoughts of Eastward Spread of Western Learning

容闳是中国近代化的最重要先驱之一。他在美国耶鲁大学就读期间产生了用所学知识回馈祖国的坚定信念。西学东渐思想指引容闳先后参与了洋务运动、戊戌维新，并率先发起幼童留美运动。容闳波澜壮阔的一生在中国科技思想史上具有重要的理论意义与现实意义。在关于容闳的现有研究中，多集中在其具体的西学东渐实践上，虽然有少部分涉及容闳思想的探析，但都以单一的或陈述性罗列为主，缺少关于容闳西学东渐思想如何产生的深入思考。既有研究未从根源上并从多角度进行探究，这对从根本上和全面地认识容闳十分不利。结合容闳家庭背景、求学经历及救国实践，可以十分清晰地认识到其西学东渐思想的发展与两次西学东渐思潮的兴起息息相关，本文将就此方面展开论述。
Yung Wing was one of the most important pioneers of China’s modernization. During his studies at Yale University in the United States, he developed a firm belief in using his knowledge to give back to his motherland. Yung Wing was guided by the thought of the spread of Western learning to the East and participated in the Westernization Movement, the Reform Movement of 1898, and took the lead in launching the movement of young children studying in the United States. Yung Wing’s magnificent life has important theoretical and practical significance in the history of Chinese scientific and technological thought. In the existing research on Yung Wing, most of it focuses on his specific practice of the spread of Western learning to the East. Although there is a small part that involves the analysis of Yung Wing’s ideas, they are mainly single or declarative, lacking in-depth thinking on how Yung Wing’s thought of the spread of Western learning to the East emerged. The existing research has not explored from the root and multiple perspectives, which is very unfavorable for a fundamental and comprehensive understanding of Yung Wing. The existing research has not explored from the root and multiple perspectives, which is very unfavorable for a fundamental and comprehensive understanding of Yung Wing. Based on Yung Wing’s family background, schooling experience and national salvation practice, it can be clearly recognized that the development of his thought of Eastward spread of Western learning is closely related to the rise of the thought of Eastward spread of Western learning in China. This article will discuss this aspect.