我国环境民事公益诉讼原告主体资格探究
Explore the Qualification of the Plaintiff in Environmental Civil Public Interest Litigation in Our Country

生态文明建设是新时代中国特色社会主义的重要特征之一，党的二十大报告指出“我国的生态环境发生历史性、转折性、全局性的变化”。治理污染、保护生态文明建设的重要途径就是提起环境民事公益诉讼，而环境民事公益诉讼成立的前提就是原告主体资格的确定。目前，我国已有的法律规范中对“法律规定的机关”规定并不明确；对社会组织原告资格的限制较多；检察机关的起诉权利受到限制；公民能否成为环境民事公益诉讼原告的主体还存在分歧。这些问题都在司法实践中影响环境民事公益诉讼的进行。需要对问题进行明确和解决，以适应环境保护社会实践的需要，完善环境民事公益诉讼原告主体制度。
The construction of ecological civilization is one of the important features of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that “China’s ecological environment has undergone historical, transitional, and global changes”. The important way to control pollution and protect ecological civilization construction is to initiate environmental civil public interest litigation, and the premise for the establishment of environmental civil public interest litigation is the determination of the plaintiff's subject qualification. At present, the existing legal norms in China do not have clear provisions on the “organs stipulated by law”; there are many restrictions on the qualifications of social organizations as plaintiffs; the prosecution authority’s right to sue is restricted; there are still differences in whether citizens can become the subject of plaintiffs in environmental civil public interest litigation. These issues all affect the conduct of environmental civil public interest litigation in judicial practice. It is necessary to clarify and solve the problem in order to meet the needs of environmental protection social practice and improve the plaintiff subject system of environmental civil public interest litigation.