区域自动气象站供电和通讯的故障处理方法研究
Research on Fault Handling Method of Power Supply and Communication of Regional Automatic Weather Station

区域自动气象站终年布设在野外，据统计，供电和通信两大模块故障导致站点数据传输异常在所有故障原因中占比大，为保障野外及布设在通信基站覆盖信号边缘区域自动气象站长期稳定运行，提高站点数据传输及时率，对区域自动气象站中的供电和通信系统进行升级改造非常必要。本文简要介绍区域自动气象站的主要故障类型，统计分析了区域自动站在长时间的运行过程中存在的蓄电池老化、通信信号质量差等问题。针对问题对区域自动气象站进行选用磷酸铁锂蓄电池替代、加装信号放大器等设备硬件升级操作。经实测，改造后的供电系统充电效率提高，使用时间较改造前大有改善，通讯质量获得保障，且操作简单易行，为今后气象站点供电和通讯系统技术升级提供了一种有效的解决方案。
Regional automatic weather stations are deployed in the field all year round. According to statistics, failure of two modules, power supply and communication, leads to abnormal data transmission at the site and accounts for a large proportion of all failure causes. In order to ensure the long-term stable operation of the automatic weather station in the field and deployed in the signal edge area of the communication base station, and to improve the data transmission rate, it is necessary to upgrade the power supply and communication systems in the weather station. This paper briefly in-troduces the main types of fault in regional automatic weather stations, and statistically analyzes the problems of ageing batteries and poor communication signal quality that exist in regional automatic stations during long periods of operation. To address the problem, the regional automatic weather station was upgraded with lithium iron phosphate batteries, signal amplifiers and other equipment hardware. After actual measurement, the charging efficiency of the transformed power supply system has been increased, the use time has been greatly improved compared with before the transformation, the communication quality has been guaranteed, and the operation is simple and easy, which provides an effective solution for the future technical upgrading of the power supply and communication system of the weather station.