|
|
家庭规模与人际信任模式：家庭支持的中介作用
|
Abstract:
家庭规模作为家庭结构的重要指标之一，对个体的行为表现有重要的影响。本研究基于社会支持理论，从心理学的视角出发，探究家庭规模对人际信任的影响，并进一步探讨其中的作用机制。通过对中国综合社会调查(CGSS 2017)中的4127份数据以及发放的233份问卷进行分析，结果发现：1) 家庭规模对人际信任水平具有正向预测作用；2) 家庭支持在家庭规模与人际信任的关系中起中介作用。本研究从家庭结构的角度丰富了以往信任的理论研究，同时在实践上也为培育人际信任提供了新思路。
In recent years, China’s fertility policy has been constantly changing, and family size, as one of the important indicators of family structure, has an important impact on individual behavior. Family size is closely linked to risk, and interpersonal trust is also a psychological state that entrusts risk. Therefore, based on the theory of social support, this study explores the influence of family size on interpersonal trust from the perspective of psychology, and further explores the mechanism of action. Through the analysis of 4127 data and 233 questionnaires distributed in the China Comprehensive Social Survey (CGSS 2017), the results show that: 1) family size has a positive predictive effect on interpersonal trust level; 2) Family support plays an intermediary role in the relationship between family size and interpersonal trust. This study enriches the theoretical research on trust from the perspective of family structure, and also provides new ideas for cultivating interpersonal trust in practice.
| [1] | 陈欣, 叶浩生(2009). 行为博弈视野下信任研究的回顾. 心理科学, 32(3), 636-639. |
| [2] | 樊纲治, 王宏扬(2015). 家庭人口结构与家庭商业人身保险需求——基于中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据的实证研究. 金融研究, (7), 170-189. |
| [3] | 范存仁, 万传文, 林国彬, 荆其诚(1994). 西安市小学生中独生与非独生子女个性品质的比较研究. 心理科学, (2), 70-74, 127. |
| [4] | 方超, 曾迪洋, 黄斌(2020). 家庭规模、同胞结构与学龄儿童教育获得——来自中国教育追踪调查的经验证据. 华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版), 59(2), 181-192. |
| [5] | 贡喆, 唐玉洁, 刘昌(2021). 信任博弈范式真的能测量信任吗? 心理科学进展, 29(1), 19-30. |
| [6] | 郭波, 李继明(1983). 家庭功能失调与疾病关系的探讨. 医学与哲学, (12), 22-27, 59. |
| [7] | 郭琳(2013). 家庭结构对金融资产影响的实证研究. 改革与战略, 29(12), 65-68, 104. |
| [8] | 韩瑶, 赵欣宇(2022). “三孩政策”推行中存在的阻力及其对策探究. 理论观察, (8), 99-102. |
| [9] | 何心展, 尤海燕(2006). 大学生亲密度和适应性与领悟社会支持关系的研究人际关系. 中国康复理论与实践, 12(7), 634-636. |
| [10] | 蓝嘉俊, 杜鹏程, 吴泓苇(2018). 家庭人口结构与风险资产选择——基于2013年CHFS的实证研究. 国际金融研究, (11), 87-96. |
| [11] | 黎军(2021). 同胞数量与亲社会行为研究. 硕士学位论文. 成都: 西南财经大学. |
| [12] | 李珊, 刘洋(2010). 大学生人际信任与家庭教养方式的相关研究. 中国健康心理学杂志, 18(4), 468-470. |
| [13] | 卢亚娟, 刘澍(2017). 家庭结构对家庭金融资产配置影响的实证研究——基于“全面二孩”政策的视角. 金融发展研究, (9), 3-9. |
| [14] | 庞彤彤, 宋凤宁(2006). 大学生人际信任度研究. 社会心理科学, 21(1), 63-66. |
| [15] | 齐春辉, 张振, 张倩倩(2019). 大学新生观点采择、人际信任在自我控制与攻击中的链式中介作用. 心理技术与应用, 7(7), 409-415. |
| [16] | 孙艳艳(2015). 0-3岁儿童早期发展家庭政策与公共服务探索. 社会科学, (10), 65-72. |
| [17] | 汤家彦, 姜国瑞(2009). 大学生人际信任与家庭亲密度、家庭适应性的关系. 中国健康心理学杂志, 17(3), 307-309. |
| [18] | 陶建宏, 赵玥(2020). 子女数量对家庭资产配置行为的影响. 合作经济与科技, (5), 58-61. |
| [19] | 王菁, 张锐(2017). 家庭关爱的力量: 子女数量对创业决定的影响. 经济学动态, (4), 90-100. |
| [20] | 王军, 詹韵秋(2021). 子女数量与家庭消费行为: 影响效应及作用机制. 财贸研究, 32(1), 1-13. |
| [21] | 辛自强(2019). 市场化与人际信任变迁. 心理科学进展, 27(12), 1951-1966. |
| [22] | 杨明, 孟天广, 方然(2011). 变迁社会中的社会信任: 存量与变化——1990-2010年. 北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 48(6), 100-109. |
| [23] | 杨晓蕾, 慈勤英(2019). 居住方式对贫困老年人口社会支持的影响研究. 兰州学刊, (10), 181-193. |
| [24] | 杨中芳, 彭泗清(1999). 中国人人际信任的概念化: 一个人际关系的观点. 社会学研究, (2), 3-23. |
| [25] | 尹秀芳, 杨云彦(2014). 农村家庭风险抵御能力研究——基于湖北省的调查. 农村经济, (10), 86-90. |
| [26] | 尹银(2011). 家庭、社会支持和残疾人服务需求研究. 残疾人研究, (4), 28-32. |
| [27] | 余圣陶, 杨倩婧(2017). 交往定向阶段大学生人际信任的影响因素研究. 苏州市职业大学学报, 34(2), 98-103. |
| [28] | 詹鹏, 宋蒙蒙, 尹航(2020). 家庭规模小型化对家庭消费结构的影响——基于CFPS2014-2016年面板数据的研究. 消费经济, 36(5), 17-28. |
| [29] | 张海峰, 林细细, 张铭洪(2018). 子女规模对家庭代际经济支持的影响——互相卸责or竞相示范. 人口与经济, (4), 21-33. |
| [30] | 张建新, Bond, M. H. (1999). 指向具体人物对象的人际信任: 跨文化比较及其认知模型. 心理学报, 25(2), 164-172. |
| [31] | 张茜, 蔺楠(2022). “聚天下英才而用之”: 如何促进“外乡人”入村创业?——基于家庭规模的视角. 外国经济与管理, 44(12), 87-102. |
| [32] | 张卫红, 李建民(2017). 家庭经济状况对患者照顾者信任医生的影响. 中国煤炭工业医学杂志, 20(6), 753-756. |
| [33] | 赵娜, 周明洁, 陈爽, 李永鑫, 张建新(2014). 信任的跨文化差异研究: 视角与方法. 心理科学, 37(4), 1002-1007. |
| [34] | 郑磊, 侯玉娜, 刘叶(2014). 家庭规模与儿童教育发展的关系研究. 教育研究, 35(4), 59-69. |
| [35] | 周浩, 龙立荣(2004). 共同方法偏差的统计检验与控制方法. 心理科学进展, 12(6), 942-950. |
| [36] | 朱秋锦, 张帆, 钟年(2021). 亲亲为大, 亲贤仍重: 亲疏关系、人情取向对人际信任的影响. 心理科学, 44(6), 1461- 1468. |
| [37] | Alsubaiei, B. J. (2022). Does Family Size Matter to Investors? Evidence from Mutual Fund Flow in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Emerging Markets. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-09-2021-1441 |
| [38] | Badarinza, C., Campbell, J., & Ramadorai, T. (2016). International Comparative Household Finance. Annual Review of Economics, 8, 111-144. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080315-015425 |
| [39] | Bao, X., Li, S., Zhang, Y., Tang, Q., & Chen, X. (2022). Different Effects of Anxiety and Avoidance Dimensions of Attachment on Interpersonal Trust: A Multilevel Meta-Analysis. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 39, 2069- 2093. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075221074387 |
| [40] | Barrera, M., & Ainlay, S. L. (1983). The Structure of Social Support: A Conceptual and Empirical Analysis. Journal of Community Psychology, 11, 133-143.
https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6629(198304)11:2<133::AID-JCOP2290110207>3.0.CO;2-L |
| [41] | Beavers, W. R. (1981). A Systems Model of Family for Family Therapists. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 7, 299-307. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.1981.tb01382.x |
| [42] | Becker, G. S., & Tomes, N. (1976). Child Endowments, and the Quantity and Quality of Children. Journal of Political Economy, 84, S143-S162. https://doi.org/10.3386/w0123 |
| [43] | Berg, J. E., Dickhaut, J., & McCabe, K. (1995). Trust, Reciprocity, and Social History. Games and Economic Behavior, 10, 122-142. https://doi.org/10.1006/game.1995.1027 |
| [44] | Blake, J. (1989). Family Size and Achievement. University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520330597 |
| [45] | Bonner, S., & Sarkar, D. (2017). The Quality-Quantity Trade-Off among Australian Children. Economic Modelling, 70, 383- 389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2017.08.010 |
| [46] | Calvet, L. E., & Sodini, P. (2014). Twin Picks: Disentangling the Determinants of Risk-Taking in Household Portfolios. Journal of Finance, 69, 867-906. https://doi.org/10.1111/jofi.12125 |
| [47] | Cameron, L., Erkal, N., Gangadharan, L., & Meng, X. (2013). Little Em-perors: Behavioral Impacts of China’s One-Child Policy. Science, 339, 953-957. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1230221 |
| [48] | Chang, C.-W., Yuan, R., & Chen, J.-K. (2018). Social Support and Depression among Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Roles of Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy. Children and Youth Services Review, 88, 128-134.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.03.001 |
| [49] | Chen, Y., Yu, C., Yuan, Y., Lu, F., & Shen, W. (2021). The Influence of Trust on Creativity: A Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, Article 706234. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.706234 |
| [50] | Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, Social Support, and the Buffering Hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98, 310-357.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310 |
| [51] | Coplan, R. J., Reichel, M., & Rowan, K. (2009). Exploring the Associations between Maternal Personality, Child Temperament, and Parenting: A Focus on emOtions. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 241-246.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.10.011 |
| [52] | Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, G. D., & Walker, R. (1991). The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support: A Confirmation Study. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 52, 756-761.
https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199111)47:6<756::AID-JCLP2270470605>3.0.CO;2-L |
| [53] | Dohmen, T., Falk, A., Huffman, D., & Sunde, U. (2012). The Intergenerational Transmission of Risk and Trust Attitudes. The Review of Economic Studies, 79, 645-677. https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdr027 |
| [54] | Downey, D. B., & Condron, D. J. (2004). Playing Well with Others in Kindergarten: The Benefit of Siblings at Home. Journal of Marriage and Family, 66, 333-350. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2004.00024.x |
| [55] | Dunn, J. (1983). Sibling Relationships in Early Childhood. Child Development, 54, 787-811.
https://doi.org/10.2307/1129886 |
| [56] | Dunn, J. (1988). Sibling Influences on Childhood Development. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 29, 119-127.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00697.x |
| [57] | Dunning, D., Anderson, J. E., Schl？sser, T., Ehlebracht, D., & Fetchenhauer, D. (2014). Trust at Zero Acquaintance: More a Matter of Respect than Expectation of Reward. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 107, 122-141.
https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036673 |
| [58] | Erikson, E. H. (1963). Childhood and Society (2nd ed.). Norton. |
| [59] | Evans, A. M., & Revelle, W. (2008). Survey and Behavioral Measurements of Interpersonal Trust. Journal of Research in Personality, 42, 1585-1593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2008.07.011 |
| [60] | Galliera, A., & Rutstr？m, E. E. (2021). Crowded out: Heterogeneity in Risk Attitudes among Poor Households in the US. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 63, 103-132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11166-021-09363-8 |
| [61] | Grinde, B., &Tambs, K. (2016). Effect of Household Size on Mental Problems in Children: Results from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort study. BMC Psychology, 4, Article No. 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-016-0136-1 |
| [62] | Ho, C., Teerawichitchainan, B., Tan, J., & Lie Tan, E. R. (2023). Risk Attitudes in Late Adulthood: Do Parenthood Status and Family Size Matter? Research on Aging, 45, 423-437. https://doi.org/10.1177/01640275221116091 |
| [63] | Kelley, H. H., & Stahelski, A. J. (1970). Social Interaction Basis of Cooperators’ and Competitors’ Beliefs about Others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 16, 66-91. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029849 |
| [64] | Kim, J., & Lee, E. (2022). Association between Healthy Eating Index and Mental Health in Middle-Aged Adults Based on Household Size in Korea. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19, Article No. 4692.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084692 |
| [65] | Knodel, J. E., Chayovan, N., & Siriboon, S. (1992). The Impact of Fertility Decline on Familial Support for the Elderly: An Illustration from Thailand. Population and Development Review, 18, 79-103. https://doi.org/10.2307/1971860 |
| [66] | Leea, M. C. (2009). Factors Influencing the Adoption of Internet Banking: An Integration of TAM and TPB with Perceived Risk and Perceived Benefit. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 8, 130-141.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2008.11.006 |
| [67] | Li, C., Wang, L., Luo, R., Ning, G., Zhao, P., & Yu, X. (2022). Complexity between Aging and the Structure of Financial Market: Empirical Evidence from Microdata. Complex, 2022, Article ID: 5226827. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5226827 |
| [68] | Malti, T., & Dys, S. P. (2018). From Being Nice to Being Kind: Development of Prosocial Behaviors. Current Opinion in Psychology, 20, 45-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.07.036 |
| [69] | Martin, S., Forde, C., Horgan, D., & Mages, L. (2018). Deci-sion-Making by Children and Young People in the Home: The Nurture of Trust, Participation and Independence. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27, 198-210.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0879-1 |
| [70] | Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An Integrative Model of Organizational Trust. Academy of Management Review, 20, 709-734. https://doi.org/10.2307/258792 |
| [71] | Muthukrishna, M., Henrich, J., & Slingerland, E. (2021). Psychology as a Historical Science. Annual Review of Psychology, 72, 717-749. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-082820-111436 |
| [72] | Navarro-Carrillo, G., Valor-Segura, I., & Moya, M. (2018). Do you Trust Strangers, Close Acquaintances, and Members of Your Ingroup? Differences in Trust Based on Social Class in Spain. Social Indicators Research, 135, 585-597.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1527-7 |
| [73] | Prime, H., Pauker, S., Plamondon, A., Perlman, M., & Jenkins, J. (2014). Sibship Size, Sibling Cognitive Sensitivity, and Children’s Receptive Vocabulary. Pediatrics, 133, 394-401. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-2874 |
| [74] | Qin, X., Zhuang, C. C., & Yang, R. (2017). Does the One-Child Policy Improve Children’s Human Capital in Urban China? A Regression Discontinuity Design. Journal of Comparative Economics, 45, 287-303.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2016.09.001 |
| [75] | Rotenberg, K., & Boulton, M. (2013). Interpersonal Trust Consistency and the Quality of Peer Relationships during Childhood. Social Development, 22, 225-241. https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12005 |
| [76] | Rotter, J. B. (1967). A New Scale for the Measurement of Interpersonal Trust. Journal of Personality, 35, 651-665.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1967.tb01454.x |
| [77] | Shimamura, Y., Matsushima, M., Yamada, H., & Nguyen, M. (2018). Willingness-to-Pay for Family-Based Health Insurance: Findings from Household and Health Facility Surveys in Central Vietnam. Global Journal of Health Science, 10, 24-35.
https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v10n7p24 |
| [78] | Siman, S., Tawakal, M. A., Risamasu, P. I., & Kadir, R. (2020). Effect of Household Size, Working Hours, Health and Income on Consumption Expenditure of Poor Household. Enfermería Clínica, 30, 512-515.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.10.131 |
| [79] | Sorokin, P. A., Zimmerman, C. C., & Galpin, C. J. (1931). A Systematic Source Book in Rural Sociology Vol-1. University of Minnesota Press. |
| [80] | Stradford, L., Van Poppel, F., & Lumey, L. H. (2017). Can Resource Dilution Explain Differences in Height by Birth Order and Family Size? a Study of 389,287 Male Recruits in Twentieth-Century Netherlands. The History of the Family, 22, 214-235. https://doi.org/10.1080/1081602X.2016.1230510 |
| [81] | Symeonides, C., Vuillermin, P. J., Sciberras, E., Senn, E., Thomson, S., Wardrop, N., Anderson, V., Pezic, A., Sly, P. D., & Ponsonby, A. (2021). Importance of Accounting for Sibling Age When Examining the Association between Family Size and Early Childhood Cognition, Language and Emotional Behaviour: A Birth Cohort Study. BMJ Open, 11, e041984.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041984 |
| [82] | Thaler, R. H. (2016). Misbehaving: The Making of Behavioral Economics. W. W. Norton & Company. |
| [83] | Van der Hulst, F. J., Brabers, A. E., & de Jong, J. D. (2023). The Relation between Trust and the Willingness of Enrollees to Receive Healthcare Advice from Their Health Insurer. BMC Health Services Research, 23, Article No. 52.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-09016-9 |
| [84] | Wieselquist, J., Rusbult, C. E., Foster, C. A., & Agnew, C. R. (1999). Commitment, Pro-Relationship Behavior, and Trust in Close Relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 942-966.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.77.5.942 |
| [85] | Xie, B., & Li, M. (2021). Coworker Guanxi and Job Performance: Based on the Mediating Effect of Interpersonal Trust. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 171, Article ID: 120981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120981 |
| [86] | Yang, Q., Pang, C., Liu, L., Yen, D. C., & Michael Tarn, J. (2015). Exploring Consumer Perceived Risk and Trust for Online Payments: An Empirical Study in China’s Younger Generation. Computers in Human Behavior, 50, 9-24.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.03.058 |
| [87] | Zimmer, Z., & Kwong, J. (2003). Family Size and Support of Older Adults in Urban and Rural China: Current Effects and Future Implications. Demography, 40, 23-44. https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.2003.0010 |
