兴盛与式微：民族地区农村家庭养老的嬗变
Prosperity and Decline: The Evolution of Rural Family Elderly Care in Ethnic Regions

人口老龄化是当前和今后很长一段时期内我国最重要的国情之一。家庭养老作为民族地区农村的主要养老方式，在社会的变迁下经历了由兴盛向式微的转变。在以低流动性、血缘婚姻、熟人社会、礼治秩序、长老统治等为特征的乡土社会中，家庭养老表现为“全面性”、“持续性”的供养。而在后乡土社会，伴随着生计方式的转变、村庄人口流动、半熟人社会、礼治弱化等，农村家庭养老遭遇了严重挑战，呈现出“单一性”、“临时性”照料的特点。
The aging population is one of the most important national conditions in China for a long time to come. Family elderly care, as the main way of providing for the elderly in rural areas of ethnic minority areas, has undergone a transformation from prosperity to decline under social changes. In rural societies characterized by low mobility, consanguineous marriage, acquaintance society, ritual order, and elder rule, family elderly care is characterized by “comprehensive” and “sustained” support. In the post rural society, with the transformation of livelihood methods, village population mobility, semi-mature society, and weakened rule of etiquette, rural family elderly care has faced serious challenges, presenting the characteristics of “singularity” and “temporary” care.