基于物联网和大数据的农产品全程冷链物流管理系统设计
Design of Agricultural Products’ Whole Process Cold Chain Logistics Management System Based on Internet of Things and Big Data

为实现农产品冷链物流的质量控制、物流信息透明化、监控预警、企业决策、产品溯源等要求。针对农产品保质期短、易损易腐等特点，本文构建了一种农产品全程冷链物流的管理系统，将物联网、大数据等技术结合构成系统的5层架构，即感知层、数据层、服务层、应用层、用户层。在感知层通过物联网技术将农产品冷链物流各个环节的信息进行实时采集和共享，通过有线或无线通信技术将感知层收集到的数据传输至数据层，利用服务层的大数据、区块链和决策支持等技术对信息进行处理、储存、传递和加密，利用应用层为平台的可视化功能提供相应的信息资源支撑，最终为用户层面向的用户实时查询全程冷链物流各个环节的可视化信息提供保障。
In order to achieve the requirements of quality control, transparency of logistics information, monitoring and early warning, enterprise decision-making, and product traceability of agricultural cold chain logistics. Aiming at the characteristics of agricultural products such as short shelf life, vulnerability to damage and decay, this paper constructs a management system for the entire process of cold chain logistics of agricultural products, which combines technologies such as the Internet of Things and big data to form a 5-tier architecture of the system, namely, the perception layer, data layer, service layer, application layer, and user layer. At the perception layer, information from various aspects of agricultural cold chain logistics is collected and shared in real time through Internet of Things technology. Data collected at the perception layer is transmitted to the data layer through wired or wireless communication technology. Information is processed, stored, transmitted, and encrypted using technologies such as big data, blockchain, and decision support at the service layer. The application layer is used to provide corresponding information resource support for the visualization function of the platform, Ultimately, it provides a guarantee for users at the user level to real-time query the visual information of all aspects of the entire cold chain logistics.