农村空巢老人心理问题成因及应对措施
Causes and Countermeasures of Psychological Problems of Rural Empty-Nesters

伴随着老龄化和城市化进展的加快，流动人口规模的持续扩大，我国老年人家庭的空巢化现象日益加剧。我国农村空巢老人的比例的持续增加，关于空巢老人的各种问题上升为一个热点问题，具有较高的研究价值和社会价值。目前，我国农村空巢老人面临严峻的心理问题，由于身体机能衰退、家庭结构调整、社会价值缺乏等原因，空巢老人滋生无能为力感、孤独焦虑感、失落抑郁感等心理问题。面对这些心理问题，可以从家庭、社区、政府三个方面研究对策，从家庭看，增强年轻人的孝道意识，保障空巢老人的养老来源；从社区看，构建创新养老平台，成立空巢老人关爱团队；从政府看，要优化养老服务的环境，提高服务水平，给予农村空巢老人更多的人文关怀。
With the acceleration of aging and urbanization, the scale of floating population continues to expand, and the empty-nesting phenomenon of elderly families becomes more and more serious. The proportion of rural empty-nesters continues to increase. As a hot issue on various issues of empty-nesters, it has higher research value and social value. At present, empty-nesters in rural China are facing severe psychological problems. Due to physical function decline, adjustment of family structure, lack of social value and other reasons, empty-nesters have a sense of powerlessness, loneliness, anxiety, depression and other psychological problems. In the face of these psychological problems, we can study countermeasures from three aspects: family, community and government. From the perspective of family, we can enhance young people’s sense of filial piety and guarantee the source of pension for empty nesters. From the perspective of the community, we should build an innovative pension platform and set up a care team for empty nesters. From the perspective of the government, we should optimize the environment of pension service, improve the service level, and provide more humanistic care to rural empty nesters.