新农科背景下农林院校植物生产类专业建设的分子育种主线思维
Teaching Practice and Testing Reform of the Molecular Breeding Course for Undergraduates in Agriculture and Forestry in the Context of New Agricultural Education

“分子育种”是“生命科学前沿进展”的重点领域，是《分子生物学及其研究技术》在新农科背景下农林高校专业课程的延伸，是理论深度联系实践的重要课程，也是提升学生素质、能力、水平和创新力的重要课程，可以作为新农科专业的核心和主线。但“分子育种”课程刚刚起步，无论是在理论、技术还是实践方面，都需要深入发展。本文对课程开设情况、开设的必要性和新农科背景下“分子育种”课程教学以及考试模式等进行了阐释。以“分子育种”为例，为调动学生学习主动性，结合学生创新创业培养目标，以社会需求为导向，挖掘学生创新潜能和创业意识，提高学生应用理论知识的能力和科学素养，培养学生主动思考和灵活运用理论知识的能力，以设计性课程报告的应用性课程的新型考试模式代替理论课程考试。
“Molecular Breeding” is a key field of “frontier progress of life science”, an extension of “Molecular Biology and Its Research Technology” in the background of new agricultural science, an important course to deeply combine theory with practice and to improve the qualification, ability, standard and innovation capability of the students, and could be taken as the core and mainline of the new agricultural education. However, the Molecular Breeding course is still in its infancy stage, and needs further development, no matter in theory, techniques or practice. In this article the situation and the necessity for providing this course, as well as the teaching methods, teaching contents and test patterns were presented. Taking Molecular Breeding as an example, to motivate the learning initiative of the students, we put forward a new test pattern for the applied courses based on the cultivation purpose of innovation and social demand, tapping the innovation potential and entrepreneurship consciousness of the students, improving their ability of applying theoretical knowledge and scientific quality, developing the ability of students to think actively and use the theoretical knowledge flexibly, via designing course report instead of theory examination.