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体育锻炼对大学生焦虑的影响：心理资本的中介效应
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Abstract:
后疫情时代，大学生整体焦虑水平高于一般人群，亟须社会各界合力提升其心理健康水平。相较于以往研究将关注点放在影响大学生焦虑的风险因素，本研究从积极心理学视角入手，以心理资本为中介变量探讨运动对焦虑感的影响及其内在机制。本研究调查了中国大学生的体育锻炼、心理资本及焦虑水平，平均年龄为20.39 ± 1.70岁，回收有效问卷共541份。结果显示：1) 运动水平与焦虑水平呈显著负相关；2) 心理资本在体育锻炼和焦虑水平间起完全中介作用；3) 心理资本的4个子维度都存在完全中介作用，且子维度1 (自我效能)、子维度2 (韧性)中介效应量最大。本研究有助于为降低大学生焦虑水平、促进大学生身心健康提供干预指导。
In the post-epidemic era, the overall anxiety level of college students is higher than that of the general population, so it is urgent for all sectors of society to work together to improve their mental health level. Compared with previous studies that focused on the risk factors affecting college students’ anxiety, this study started from the perspective of positive psychology and took psychological capital as the mediating variable to explore the influence of exercise on anxiety and its internal mechanism. This study investigated the physical exercise, psychological capital and anxiety levels of Chinese college students with an average age of 20.39 ± 1.70 years. A total of 541 valid questionnaires were collected. The results showed that: 1) There was a significant negative correlation between exercise level and anxiety level; 2) Psychological capital completely mediates the relationship between physical exercise and anxiety level; 3) All the four sub-dimensions of psychological capital have complete mediating effect, and sub-dimension 1 (self-efficacy), sub-dimension 2 (resilience) have the largest mediating effect. This study is helpful to reduce the anxiety level of college students and promote the physical and mental health of college students to provide intervention guidance.
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