论体育赛事直播画面在著作权法中的保护路径
The Protection Path of Live Sports Event Screens in Copyright Law

体育赛事直播因受到统一制作标准、对观众需求的满足、符合直播水平要求的拍摄方式等客观因素限制，不具备构成视听作品的可能。近年来的司法实践趋势是错误的，其错误的根本原因在于误解了视听作品独创性的判断标准。体育赛事直播画面不构成视听作品的结论应当较为明晰，不应为了加强保护力度而强行破坏法律概念本身的含义及判断标准。通过著作权保护体育赛事直播画面确实能够解决先前的保护不足问题，但其绝不是治本之策，更会影响到著作权法的基本原理及对其他同类客体的定性。通过广播组织权规制直播相关的侵权行为是广播组织权设立的目的之一，在《著作权法》第三次修订后，应当通过广播组织权中的转播权规制未经许可的网络转播行为，同时也应进一步放宽广播组织权权利主体的限制，使得网播组织获得同等保护。
Due to objective factors such as unified production standards, meeting audience needs, and shooting methods that meet the requirements of live streaming, live streaming of sports events does not have the potential to con-stitute audiovisual works. The trend of judicial practice in recent years is incorrect, and the funda-mental reason lies in the misunderstanding of the criteria for judging the originality of audiovisual works. The conclusion that the live broadcast pictures of sports events do not constitute audiovisual works should be relatively clear, and the criteria of the legal concept itself should not be destroyed by force in order to strengthen protection. Protecting the live broadcast pictures of sports events through copyright can indeed solve the previous problem, but it is not a fundamental solution, it will also affect the basic principles of copyright law and the characterization of other similar objects. One of the purposes of establishing broadcasting organization rights is to regulate infringement re-lated to live broadcasting through broadcasting organization rights. After the third revision of the Copyright Law, unlicensed network broadcasting activities should be regulated through the broad-casting right in broadcasting organization rights. At the same time, the restrictions on the subject of broadcasting organization rights should be further relaxed, so that network broadcasting organiza-tions can receive equal protection.