基于改进突变级数法的城市社区应急准备能力评价研究
Evaluation of Urban Community Emergency Preparedness Ability Based on Improved Catastrophe Progression Method

社区在应急管理中发挥着巨大的作用，而社区应急准备是社区应急管理的基础，为了减轻城市社区在面对突发事件时的人员伤亡和财产损失，对城市社区应急准备能力进行评价。本文构建了城市社区应急准备评价指标体系，运用改进的突变级数法建立城市社区应急准备评价模型，并选取哈尔滨社区进行实证研究，表明该社区应急疏散指挥协调能力建设能力、应急保险建设能力和应急社会心理建设能力有待提高，可以从上级应急指挥平台覆盖社区、社区独立的应急指挥平台、构建完善全灾种保险、社区公共设施、建筑保险覆盖和社区全灾种保险等方面进行改进。评价结果为进一步提高哈尔滨城市社区应急准备能力具有指导和借鉴作用。
Community plays a great role in emergency management, and community emergency preparedness is the basis of community emergency management. In order to reduce the casualties and property losses of urban communities in the face of emergencies, the emergency preparedness ability of urban communities is evaluated. In this paper, the evaluation index system of urban community emergency preparedness is established, and the evaluation model of urban community emergency preparedness is established by using improved catastrophe progression method, and Harbin community is selected for empirical research. It shows that the ability of building emergency evacuation command and coordination, emergency insurance and emergency social psychology needs to be improved, which can be improved from the aspects of covering the community by the superior emergency command platform, building and perfecting all-disaster insurance, community public facilities, building insurance coverage and community all-disaster insurance. The evaluation results can provide guidance and reference for further improving the emergency preparedness ability of urban communities in Harbin.