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Modern Physics 2023
热冷原子团中原子干涉仪的最佳高斯脉冲
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Abstract:
当原子干涉仪与热冷原子团一起工作时，存在与原子动量分布相关的多普勒效应。由于传统的矩形脉冲序列不能很好地补偿原子速度引起的效应，原子干涉仪的精度就会下降。将矩形脉冲序列替换为高斯脉冲序列后，变化振幅的高斯脉冲可以补偿一些多普勒效应，从而提高干涉仪的容忍。采用典型的高斯脉冲序列，原子干涉仪的原子处于激发态的概率比矩形脉冲序列驱动的原子干涉仪高，原子干涉仪的宽度也更宽。优化后的高斯脉冲序列能使原子干涉仪达到期望的原子激发态概率和带宽。
When an atom interferometer works with a thermal cold atom cloud, there is the Doppler Effect as-sociated with the distribution of the momenta of the atoms. Because conventional rectangle pulse sequence cannot well compensate for the effect induced by the velocity of the atom, the precision of the atom interferometer will degrade. By replacing the rectangle pulse sequence with a Gaussian pulse sequence, the tolerance of the interferometer will increase because the Gaussian pulse with varying amplitude can compensate for some Doppler effects. By using a typical Gaussian pulse sequence, the numerical results show that both the probability of the atom in the excited state for the atom interferometer is higher than that of the atom interferometer driven by a rectangle pulse sequence and the width of the atom interferometer is wider. The optimized Gaussian pulse sequence can make the atom interferometer reach the maximum desired probability of the atom in the ex-cited state and the bandwidth.
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