南昌昌北机场冬季一次罕见连续雷暴天气过程诊断分析
Diagnostic Analysis of a Rare Continuous Thunderstorm Weather Process in Nanchang Changbei Airport in Winter

本文利用NCEP提供的FNL再分析资料对2022年11月27~28日南昌昌北机场强雷暴降水天气过程的天气学成因进行了诊断分析，结果表明：出现在中高层的槽线以及地面锋面系统是此次昌北机场强连续雷暴的主要影响天气系统；强雷暴降水发生时昌北机场水汽充沛、处于高能高湿的环境场中，有不稳定能量的蓄积；在昌北机场地区低空辐合，高空辐散产生的抽吸作用利于垂直上升运动的加强和维持，为暴雨的发生发展提供了较为有利的动力条件；同时干冷空气与暖湿气流在昌北机场上空交汇，以及较为深厚的逆温层增大了昌北机场上空的温度梯度，从而加强了水汽在暴雨区的积聚，为南昌市昌北机场地区暴雨的发生、发展提供了有利的热力条件；在昌北机场上空有深厚的不稳定层结，有利于强对流天气过程的发生发展。
Based on the FNL reanalysis data provided by NCEP, the synoptic causes of the strong thunderstorm precipitation weather process at Nanchang Changbei Airport from November 27 to 28, 2022 were diagnosed and analyzed. The results show that the trough line in the middle and upper levels and the ground frontal system are the main influencing weather systems of the strong continuous thunderstorm at Nanchang Changbei Airport. When severe thunderstorm precipitation occurs, Changbei Airport is rich in water vapor and is in an environmental field of high energy and high humidity, with unstable energy accumulation. In the low-level convergence of Changbei Airport area, the suction effect caused by high-altitude divergence is conducive to the strengthening and maintenance of vertical ascending motion, which provides a more favorable dynamic condition for the occurrence and development of rainstorm. At the same time, the dry and cold air and warm and humid air flow converge over the Changbei Airport, and the deeper inversion layer increases the temperature gradient over the Changbei Airport, thus strengthening the accumulation of water vapor in the rainstorm area, which provides favorable thermal conditions for the occurrence and development of rainstorm in the Changbei Airport area of Nanchang City. There is a deep unstable stratification over Changbei Airport, which is conducive to the occurrence and development of strong convective weather processes.