我国草原生态补偿政策实施现状
Current Implementation of Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy in Our Country

为了解决草原生态持续恶化的问题，我国于2011年开始实施草原生态补偿政策。随着我国生态补偿顶层设计逐步完善与健全，12年间草原生态补偿政策在改善草原生态、提升农牧民生计、畜牧产业转型等方面发挥了重大作用，但草原生态补偿政策在基层实施过程中出现的草补职能相关部门难以实现协调运行，草补工作人员与草原监管人员队伍建设薄弱，草原生态补偿保障的法律制度建设有待提升，牧民意愿未能在政策制定中充分体现等问题影响着草原生态补偿政策的有效落实，因此推进机构改革增强草补职能部门主观能动性、提升草补工作人员与草原监管人员队伍建设、健全草原生态补偿保障的法律制度建设、尊重牧民意愿提升牧民参与对落实草原生态补偿政策显得格外重要。根据C旗田野调查，结合学界已有的丰富文献，总结以往草原生态补偿政策实施效果与第三轮草原生态补偿政策现状，以期为第三轮草原生态补偿政策顺利实施提供助力。
In order to solve the problem of grassland ecological deterioration, China began to implement the grassland ecological compensation policy in 2011. With the gradual improvement and improve-ment of the top-level design of ecological compensation in our country, the policy of grassland ecological compensation has played a significant role in the past 12 years in improving grassland ecology, upgrading farmers' livelihood and the transformation of livestock industry. However, it is difficult for the relevant departments of grass compensation functions to realize the coordinated operation during the implementation process of grassland ecological compensation policy at the grassroots level. The effective implementation of the grassland ecological compensation policy is hampered by problems such as the weak construction of the staff of grass compensation and grassland supervision personnel, the need to improve the legal system of grassland ecological compensation guarantee, and the failure to fully reflect the wishes of herdsmen in policy formula-tion. Therefore, it is particularly important to promote institutional reform to enhance the subjec-tive initiative of functional departments of grassland compensation, improve the construction of staff of grassland compensation and grassland supervision personnel, improve the construction of legal system of grassland ecological compensation guarantee, and respect the will of herdsmen to enhance their participation in the implementation of grassland ecological compensation policies. According to the field investigation of C Banner combined with the abundant literature in the aca-demic circle, the implementation effects of the previous grassland ecological compensation policies and the current situation of the third round of grassland ecological compensation policies were summarized in order to provide help for the smooth implementation of the third round of grassland ecological compensation policies.