门罗《机缘》三部曲的文学伦理学解读
A Study of Alice Munro’s “Chance” Trilogy from the Perspective of Ethical Literary Criticism

《机缘》三部曲是加拿大当代女作家艾丽丝？门罗创作的短篇小说集《逃离》中的三连篇，它讲述了女主人公朱丽叶从前途不可限量的古典文学在读博士沦落至无依无靠的单亲母亲的故事。朱丽叶何以沦落至此？究其原因，其悲惨的一生不过是一场伦理的悲剧。朱丽叶在当时的社会伦理环境以及家庭伦理环境的影响下做出了放弃学业的伦理选择，甘于从女博士沦为他人情妇，而其对自身伦理身份的误认又让她逼走了唯一的女儿，从而导致其晚景凄凉。本文运用文学伦理学批评方法，试图解析门罗笔下的小镇女性朱丽叶在特定的伦理环境中所面临的伦理困境，并深入分析其轻率的伦理选择以及误认的伦理身份对其悲剧性命运的影响。
The three consecutive stories “Chance” “Soon” and “Silence” are selected from the short story collection Runaway written by contemporary Canadian writer Alice Munro. It tells the story of Juliet’s life from a promising doctorate in classical literature to a single mother. Why does Juliet end up here? The reason is that her miserable life is nothing but an ethical tragedy. Under the influence of the social ethical environment and the family ethical environment at that time, Juliet made the ethical choice to give up her studies, and was willing to become the mistress of others. And the misidentification of her own ethical identity made her drive away her only daughter. Using the method of ethical literary criticism, this paper attempts to analyze the ethical dilemmas faced by Juliet in a specific ethical environment, and deeply analyzes the impact of her reckless ethical choice and misidentified ethical identity on her tragic fate.