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3~5岁幼儿自我调节发展的追踪研究
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Abstract:
本文对213名3~5岁幼儿的自我调节进行了为期一年的追踪研究，使用学前儿童自我调节评估(PSRA)与头–脚–膝–肩(HTKS)以及儿童行为评定量表(CBRS)，对3~5岁幼儿自我调节的结构、特点、性别差异等进行研究。结果发现：1) 幼儿自我调节为两因素模型，分别为“冷”自我调节和“热”自我调节；2) 横向来看，幼儿自我调节有显著的年龄差异，女孩在自我调节任务上的表现优于男孩，但未达到显著差异；3) 纵向来看，幼儿自我调节技能在一年内持续提高，“冷”自我调节的发展速率要快于“热”自我调节，二者的发展不同步。且在“热”自我调节任务上存在显著的性别差异。
In this study, a one-year longitudinal study was conducted on the self-regulation of 213 children aged 3 to 5 years. The structure, characteristics and gender differences of the self-regulation of children were studied using the preschool self-regulation Assessment (PSRA), head-toe-knee- shoulder (HTKS) and the Child Behavior Rating Scale (CBRS). The results showed that: 1) Child-ren’s self-regulation was a two-factor model, namely “cold” self-regulation and “hot” self-regula- tion; 2) Horizontally, there is a significant age difference in children’s self-regulation. Girls’ per-formance in self-regulation tasks is higher than that of boys, but there is no significant difference. 3) Longitudinally, children’s self-regulation skills continue to improve within a year. The development rate of “cold” self-regulation is faster than that of “hot” self-regulation, and the development of the two is not synchronized. And there were significant gender differences in the “heat” self-regulation task.
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