认知视角下日语基本动词「触る」的义项研究
A Cognitive Study on the Meanings of the Japanese Basic Verb “Sawaru”

「触る」是在日常生活中被广泛使用的基本动词，也是拥有多个义项的多义词。对于日语学习者而言，多义词的习得是日语学习中的重点和难点。本文旨在前人研究的基础之上，通过运用认知语言学的理论分析「触る」的各个义项，发现各义项之间的关联，从而掌握基本动词「触る」的词义构造，希望以此来帮助日语学习者正确理解和使用这一基本动词，并减少与其近义词「触れる」的误用。研究结果表明「触る」含有5个义项，「身体部分で接触する」为它的基本义，其余释义均为引申义，并且基本义与引申义之间有着隐喻、转喻和提喻的关系。
“Sawaru” is a basic verb that is widely used in our daily life, and it is also a polysemous word with multiple meanings. For Japanese learners, the acquisition of polysemous words is an important and difficult task in Japanese language learning. Based on the previous studies, this paper aimed to analyze the meaning of the basic verb “sawaru” and find out the connection between its several meanings by applying cognitive linguistic theories, so as to grasp the lexical structure of the basic verb “sawaru” and help learners understand and use this basic verb correctly, and reduce the misuse of its synonym “hureru”. The results showed that “sawaru” has five meanings, “touch with body parts” as its original meaning, and the rest of the meanings are extended meanings, and the relationships between the original and extended meanings are metaphorical, metonymic, and metonymic.