余华《活着》英译本的译者行为研究
A Study of Translator Behavior in the English Version of Yu Hua’s To Live

本文基于周领顺的译者行为批评理论，结合翻译外和翻译内两个视角，对《活着》英译本进行研究，探讨译者白睿文行为的合理度。翻译内，在语言风格和修辞手法上，译者保留了原文的至简至朴的语言和口语风格，求真高于务实；在文化负载词和叙事角度上，灵活地采用直译或者直译和加注的翻译方法，创造性的使用斜体的务实性排版方法，求真兼顾务实。翻译内的文本求真度较高。在翻译外，翻译内的求真实现了翻译外译者真实传播中国声音的翻译动机，符合译者白睿文的“透明人”的翻译策略、满足了西方读者的阅读期待和原作者余华的翻译要求，也符合日益开放包容的意识形态。译文效果务实度较高。因此，基于翻译内“求真度”和翻译外“务实度”的综合考量，译者白睿文的行为合理度也是最佳的。
Based on Zhou Lingshun’s translator behavior criticism, this paper studies the English translation of To Live from Michael Berry’s extra-translation and intra-translation behavior, and explores the degree of rationality of Michael Berry’s translation behavior. Given the extra-translation behavior, in terms of language style and rhetorical devices, the translator keeps the simple language and speaking style of the original text, thus ensuring truth-seeking above utility-attaining; from the perspective of culture-loaded words and narratives, the translator flexibly adopts literal translation or literal translation and annotation and creatively uses typesetting method of italics, seeking truth while attaining utility. Therefore, the degree of truth-seeking is relatively high. Given his extra-translation behavior, the truth-seeking within translation realizes his translation motivation to truly spread China’s stories, is consistent with his own “transparent” translation strategy, meets the reading expectations of Western readers, answers the translation requirements of the author Yu Hua and also be accepted in the increasingly open and inclusive society. Therefore, the degree of truth-seeking is relatively high. Therefore, from Michael Berry’s extra-translation and intra- translation behavior, the degree of rationality of his translation behavior is relatively high.