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人类的择偶偏好：外表吸引力和利他行为
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Abstract:
择偶是重要的心理、社会和文化现象，在择偶过程中无论男女都会形成各自的偏好。这种对异性的偏好其实就属于择偶偏好，它是指在现实生活中，选择伴侣时所使用的基本条件或者准则，也可以称为“理想伴侣标准”或者“理想伴侣偏好”。就比如说在选择配偶时无论男女都喜欢更英俊或美丽的异性，也就是外表吸引力高的异性。与此同时，具有利他品质的人在选择伴侣时会被异性认为具有好的伴侣的潜质，在长期择偶中具有优势更会受到异性的青睐。人们喜欢有利他行为或者外表吸引力高的异性，适度利他的人比高利他的人更受欢迎。本文回顾了以往利他行为和外表吸引力在择偶偏好领域的研究，目前的研究都是通过图片、文字的实验来研究择偶偏好，未来的研究可以通过生态效度更高更真实的类似于速配约会这种范式去研究择偶偏好。
Mate selection is an important psychological, social and cultural phenomenon, and both men and women form their own preferences in the process of mate selection. This preference for the opposite sex is actually a mate selection preference, which refers to the basic conditions or criteria used in choosing a partner in real life, which can also be called “ideal partner standards” or “ideal partner preferences”. For example, when choosing a spouse, both men and women prefer the opposite sex who is more handsome or beautiful, that is, the opposite sex with a high physical attractiveness. At the same time, people with altruistic qualities will be considered by the opposite sex to have the potential of a good partner when choosing a partner, and they will be favored by the opposite sex when choosing a partner for a long time. People like altruistic behavior or attractive people of the opposite sex, and moderately altruistic people are more popular than high-interest people. This paper reviews the previous research on altruistic behavior and appearance attractiveness in the field of mate preference, the current research is to study mate preference through pictures and text experiments, and whether mate preference can be studied in the future through a paradigm with higher ecological validity or a more realistic similar to speed dating.
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