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青少年预防性HPV疫苗接种现状
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Abstract:
目前宫颈癌仍然是一个重大的全球挑战。发达国家通过引入结构化筛查计划以及近几年引入的HPV疫苗降低宫颈癌及HPV感染相关疾病的发生率。成功引入国家HPV疫苗接种计划的国家有望在几十年内消除宫颈癌。在缺乏结构化筛查和HPV疫苗接种计划的发展中国家，宫颈癌仍然是发病率和死亡率的主要原因。预防性HPV疫苗是解决宫颈癌发病率分布不均的关键，提高全球疫苗覆盖率和接种率可大有裨益。本文对国内外青少年HPV疫苗接种现状进行综述，分析国内外疫苗接种率差异及影响因素，指出国内目前缺乏对低龄无性行为人群的HPV疫苗接种的重视，为后续HPV疫苗推广提供参考依据。
Cervical cancer remains a major global challenge. Developed countries have reduced the incidence of cervical cancer and HPV infection-related diseases through the introduction of structured screening programs and HPV vaccination in recent years. Countries that have successfully intro-duced national HPV vaccination programs are expected to eliminate cervical cancer within decades. Cervical cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries that lack structured screening and HPV vaccination programs. Prophylactic HPV vaccines are key to address-ing the uneven distribution of cervical cancer incidence, and increasing global vaccine coverage and vaccination rates could be of great benefit. This paper reviews the current status of HPV vaccination among adolescents in China and abroad, analyzes the differences in vaccination rates and influenc-ing factors in China and abroad, and points out the current lack of attention to HPV vaccination among younger asexual populations in China, providing a reference for subsequent HPV vaccine promotion.
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