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Material Sciences 2023
生理响应型抗菌材料在创面修复中的应用
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Abstract:
细菌感染是创面修复过程中的主要难题之一，往往会导致强烈炎症反应使得缺损组织难以愈合，严重者甚至会引起败血症、脓毒血症等全身性并发症，威胁患者的生命。尽管抗生素的引入能够极大地降低创伤部位细菌感染的风险，然而其使用过程往往导致细菌多药耐药性及对机体的毒副作用。因此，临床医疗迫切需要开发能够避免细菌耐药性，并能够在感染创伤部位精准抑菌的新型抗菌材料。为解决上述问题，考虑到细菌感染创面具有区别于正常组织的特殊微环境，如较低的pH值、过表达的特殊酶和高浓度的过氧化氢等。生理微环境响应性被进一步引入到抗菌材料的设计过程中，以实现创伤部位的精准抑菌降低治疗过程对机体的毒副作用。本文基于细菌感染特殊微环境，总结了近年来用于创伤修复的生理响应型抗菌材料的研究及应用进展。
One of the most serious issues in wound repair is bacterial infection. It frequently triggers severe inflammatory response, making the damaged tissue difficult to regenerate. Moreover, the bacterial infection can potentially develop systemic consequences like sepsis and sepsis, which threatened the patients’ lives. Alt-hough antibiotics can significantly reduce the level of bacterial infection at wound sites, the fre-quent usage of antibiotics leads to multidrug resistance and harmful side effects to the organism. Therefore, clinical medicine urgently requires the development of novel antibacterial materials, which are able to prevent the bacterial resistance and precisely inhibit microorganisms in infected wound sites. To address these issues, considering the wounds with bacterial infection has unique microenvironments compared to normal tissues, such as low pH, overexpressed particular enzymes, and high hydrogen peroxide concentrations. The physiological microenvironment responsiveness was further included to the fabrication process of antibacterial materials, which was expected to obtain accurate antibacterial inhibition at the wound site and limited the harmful side effects of the treatment on the organism. Based on the special microenvironment of bacterial infection, the re-search and application progress of physiologically responsive antibacterial materials for wound re-pair in recent years were reviewed.
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