梯度孔隙泡沫铜对石蜡蓄热性能影响研究
Study on Effect of Gradient Pore Copper Foam on Thermal Storage Performance of Paraffin Wax

提高石蜡蓄热能力是发展相变蓄热技术的重要方法。为解决石蜡导热系数低的问题，本文设计了六种不同的梯度孔隙泡沫铜布置方案，探究了在泡沫铜平行和回型布置方式下，梯度孔隙率变化对石蜡蓄热性能的影响规律。实验结果表明，添加梯度孔隙泡沫铜可提高石蜡的温升速率和温度均匀性，平行布置泡沫铜时，94-96-98梯度孔隙率布置形式能够将温升速率提升30%~200%；回型布置泡沫铜时，98-96-94梯度孔隙率布置形式能将融化时间缩短15~30 min；综合对比各方案，泡沫铜平行布置优于回型布置，泡沫铜平行布置且孔隙率分布为94-96-98时，温度分布最均匀，温升速率最快，为最佳泡沫铜摆放方式。
Improving the thermal storage capacity of paraffin wax is an important method to develop phase change thermal storage technology. In order to solve the problem of low thermal conductivity of paraffin wax, six different gradient porosity copper foam arrangement schemes were designed to investigate the influence law of gradient porosity change on the thermal storage performance of paraffin wax under the parallel and return type arrangement of copper foam in this paper. The experimental results showed that the addition of gradient porosity copper foam could improve the temperature rise rate and temperature uniformity of paraffin wax, and the 94-96-98 gradient porosity arrangement could increase the temperature rise rate by 30%~200% when the copper foam was arranged in parallel; the 98-96-94 gradient porosity arrangement could shorten the melting time by 15~30 min when the copper foam was arranged in return pattern. After a comprehensive comparison of the schemes, the copper foam parallel arrangement is better than the turn-shape arrangement. When the copper foam is arranged in parallel and the porosity distribution is 94-96-98, the temperature distribution is the most uniform and the temperature rise rate is the fastest, which is the best way to place the copper foam.