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Applied Physics 2023
交流磁场对铝合金电弧增材制造铝合金的组织性能影响
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Abstract:
为了提高铝合金电弧增材制造微观组织和力学性能，采用纵向交流磁场对铝合金电弧增材制造各向性能影响的研究，以铝硅焊丝作为填充材料，在不同励磁电压下进行单道单层和单道多层沉积试验。结果表明：随着励磁电压的增加，沉积试样的截面孔隙率逐渐降低，当励磁电压达到7.5 V时，焊缝截面孔隙率逐渐提升。在交流磁场的作用下，沉积层的微观组织发生改变，在沉积层的部分区域生长的较细柱状晶粒和等轴晶粒明显增多，横向抗拉强度和纵向抗拉强度相比于无磁场下的分别提升了11.6%和9.6%，拉伸断口处有较多的气孔并且都是从气孔处断裂。交流磁场能明显改善铝合金在电弧增材制造过程中的孔隙率、微观组织和力学性能。
In order to improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy arc additive manufacturing, the effect of longitudinal AC magnetic field on the manufacturing anisotropy of aluminum alloy arc additive was studied. The single-pass single-layer and single-pass multi-layer deposition tests were carried out with aluminum-silicon welding wire as filler material under different excitation voltage. The results show that with the increase of the excitation voltage, the section porosity of the deposited sample decreases gradually. When the excitation voltage reaches 7.5 V, the section porosity of the weld increases gradually. Under the action of AC magnetic field, the microstructure of the deposit layer changes, and the number of finer columnar grains and equiaxed grains growing in some areas of the deposit layer is significantly increased. The transverse tensile strength and longitudinal tensile strength are 11.6% and 9.6% higher than those without magnetic field, respectively. There are many pores at the tensile fracture and they all break from the pores. AC magnetic field can significantly improve the porosity, microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy in the process of arc additive manufacturing.
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