浅析社会软控制视角下适婚青年在农村场域相亲中的“自我说服”——以湖北A村为例
An Analysis of “Self-Persuasion” of Marriageable Youth in Rural Dating from the Perspective of Soft Social Control—Taking Hubei A Village as an Example

目前，“结婚难”已经成为了社会的普遍现象，农村适婚青年也同样面临着极大的结婚压力，在此背景下的“相亲”逐渐成为农村适婚青年完成婚姻任务的主要手段。农村适婚青年依靠“自我说服”缓解压力，从而缔结婚约，除了受到自身主客观因素的影响外，外部环境因素又是如何发挥作用的？这是本文希望回答的具体问题。本文基于社会软控制视角，以湖北A村为研究场域，运用参与式观察法、半结构式访谈法收集相关资料，对农村适婚青年相亲过程中的外部影响机制进行了研究。研究发现，农村适婚青年在相亲过程中除了受到自身主客观条件影响外，同时也会受到风俗习惯、社会舆论和伦理道德等多重因素的影响和制约，农村青年因相亲所致的婚姻实则是社会软控制下的产物。社会软控制通过社会舆论、风俗习惯、伦理道德等手段来控制社会成员的价值观念和行为方式，在上述因素的共同挤压下，农村适婚青年被迫在相亲过程中进行“自我说服”，最终完成婚姻任务。
At present, “difficulty in getting married” has become a common phenomenon in society, and young people in rural areas are also facing great pressure to get married, and in this context, “matchmaking” has gradually become the main means for young people in rural areas to complete their marriage tasks. In addition to the objective and subjective factors that influence rural marriageable youth to relieve pressure to enter into marriage by “self-persuasion”, how do external environmental factors play a role? This is the specific question that this paper hopes to answer. Based on the perspective of social soft control, this paper takes Village A in Hubei as the research field, and uses participant observation and semi-structured interview methods to collect relevant data and investigate the external influence mechanisms in the matchmaking process of marriageable youth in Village A. It is found that in the process of matchmaking, rural young people are influenced by not only their own subjective and objective conditions, but also by multiple factors such as customs, social opinions and ethics, and the marriages of rural young people due to matchmaking are actually the products of soft social control. The soft control of society controls the values and behaviors of the members of society through social opinion, customs, ethics and morals, etc. Under the combined pressure of these factors, rural marriageable youths are forced to “self-persuade” in the process of matchmaking and finally complete the task of marriage.