“双碳”目标下畜牧业减碳增汇的实施路径研究
Research on the Implementation Path of Carbon Reduction and Sink Increase in Animal Husbandry under the “Dual-Carbon” Target

目前中国各行各业都在采取各种措施促进双碳目标的实现，畜牧业作为二氧化碳等温室气体的主要排放源之一，采取减碳增汇的措施是助力双碳目标实现的必要之举。本文明晰了畜牧业减碳增汇的相关概念，明确畜牧业目前面临的减碳增汇的艰巨任务和重大使命。在此基础上，通过对畜牧业生产线全过程进行研究，分析目前已有的减碳增汇的典型案例，获取成功经验。研究发现：我国畜牧业年碳排放总量处于波动增长中，其中主要碳排放源是畜禽胃肠发酵和粪便管理系统。畜禽生产期间，主要碳汇来源于草地固碳，并且草地固碳发展潜力巨大。借鉴成功经验，本文提出我国畜牧业助力“双碳”目标实现的路径：应加强畜禽良种培育措施、优化饲料搭配，提高粪污的资源化利用水平，升级畜禽屋舍的设计和建造，扩大清洁能源在生产生活中的使用范围，积极探索畜牧业与多种碳汇相结合的创新途径。
At present, all walks of life in China are taking various measures to promote the realization of the dual-carbon goal. As one of the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide, animal husbandry is necessary to take measures to reduce carbon and increase sinks to help achieve the dual-carbon goal. This paper clarifies the relevant concepts of carbon reduction and sink increase in animal husbandry, and clarifies the arduous task and major mission of carbon reduction and sink increase in animal husbandry. On this basis, through the research on the whole process of animal husbandry production line, the existing typical cases of reducing carbon and in-creasing sinks are analyzed, and successful experience is obtained. The study found that the total annual carbon emissions of animal husbandry in China are in fluctuating growth, and the main sources of carbon emissions are livestock and poultry gastrointestinal fermentation and manure management system. During livestock and poultry production, the main carbon sink comes from grassland carbon sequestration, and the development potential of grassland carbon sequestration is huge. Based on the successful experience, this paper puts forward the path for China’s animal husbandry to help achieve the “double carbon” goal: We should strengthen the breeding measures for improved livestock and poultry breeds, optimize the feed mix, improve the level of resource utilization of manure, upgrade the design and construction of livestock and poultry houses, expand the use of clean energy in production and life, and actively explore innovative ways to combine animal husbandry with multiple carbon sinks.