论描述心理学何以作为《伦理知识的起源》的基础
On How Descriptive Psychology Serves as the Basis for “The Origin of Our Knowledge of Right and Wrong”

基于对“是否存在道德真理”这一问题的讨论，布伦塔诺认为，道德的自然立法所需要的基本特质并非来自外在意志的命令，而是一种本然的正确性。为了能获得有关内在正确性的知识，人们需要寻找伦理知识的源泉。而找到伦理知识源泉的必要条件则是，研究认知主体的认识发生过程，也就是运用描述心理学的方法还原出善之概念的源泉以解决伦理学的根本问题。通过对心理现象的解析，布伦塔诺得出善之概念、真之概念的定义，进而明确两个概念都与自明性相关联，揭示出善之概念、真之概念的同源性，使得正确性得以保证。至此，描述心理学在构建伦理学认识论方面的重要性得到了澄清。
Based on the discussion of the question of whether there is moral truth, Brentano argues that the essential quality required for the natural sanction of morality is not a command from an external will, but an intrinsic correctness. In order to gain knowledge of intrinsic correctness, one needs to find the origin of ethical knowledge. The necessary condition for finding the origin of ethical knowledge is to study the process of cognition of the cognitive subject, that is, to use the method of descriptive psychology to restore the source of the concept of good in order to solve the problem of the fundamental purpose of ethics. By analyzing the psychological phenomena, Brentano defines the concept of good and the concept of truth, and then clarifies that both concepts are associated with self-evidence, revealing the homology of the concept of good and the concept of truth, so that correctness can be guaranteed. Thus far, the importance of descriptive psychology in constructing the epistemological foundation of ethics has been clarified.