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认知反思风格对存流量关系判断中S-F错误的影响及脑活动特征
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Abstract:
本研究通过两个研究，考察直觉型思维倾向与分析型思维倾向个体在存流量关系判断中S-F错误的差异及脑活动特征。研究一比较认知反思测验高分组和低分组(即直觉型思维倾向组和分析型思维倾向组)存流量关系判断中发生S-F错误的差异，研究二比较认知反思测验高分组和低分组在存流量关系判断中的脑活动特征。结果发现：在存流量关系问题判断中，相对于分析型思维倾向组，直觉型思维倾向组出现更高比例的S-F错误；分析型思维倾向组的右侧额下回(IFC)、背外侧前额叶(dlPFC)和额极(FPC)激活程度显著高于直觉型思维倾向组，对启发式系统的使用起到了抑制作用，从而减少了S-F错误的出现。
In this study, two studies were conducted to examine the differences in S-F failure and brain activity characteristics between individuals with intuitive and analytical thinking tendencies in stock- flow relationship judgments. Study 1 compared the differences in the occurrence of S-F failure in stock-flow relationship judgments between the high and low subgroups of the Cognitive Reflection Test (i.e., the Intuitive Thinking Tendency and Analytical Thinking Tendency groups). Study 2 compared the brain activity characteristics of high and low subgroups of the Cognitive Reflection Test in stock flow relationship judgments. It was found that a higher percentage of S-F failure was found in the intuitive thinking group compared to the analytical thinking group in the stock-flow failure. The right inferior frontal gyrus (IFC), dorsolateral prefrontal (dlPFC) and frontopolar (FPC) activation was significantly higher in the analytic thinking tendency group than in the intuitive thinking tendency group, which inhibited the use of the heuristic system and thus reduced the occurrence of S-F failure.
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