颈内动脉狭窄患者发生缺血性卒中的危险因素分析
Analysis of Risk Factors for Ischaemic Stroke in Patients with Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis

目的：分析颈内动脉狭窄患者发生缺血性卒中的危险因素。方法：收集2020年1月至2023年1月新疆医科大学第一附属医院神经外科收治的407例颈内动脉狭窄患者，收集患者入院后首次检测的临床资料，采用logistic单、多因素回归分析颈内动脉狭窄患者发生缺血性卒中的危险因素。结果：407例患者中，根据缺血性卒中发生情况将患者分为卒中组(n = 200)和未卒中组(n = 207)，200例患者发生缺血性卒中，发生率为49.1%。单因素Logistic回归分析显示，年龄、同侧有脑灌注降低、高颈动脉斑块分级、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、高同型半胱氨酸血症是颈内动脉狭窄患者发生缺血性卒中的独立危险因素(P < 0.1)。而多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄、同侧有脑灌注降低、高颈动脉斑块分级、总胆固醇、高同型半胱氨酸血症是颈内动脉狭窄患者发生缺血性卒中的独立危险因素(P < 0.05)。结论：临床工作中应重视年龄、同侧有脑灌注降低、高颈动脉斑块分级、总胆固醇、高同型半胱氨酸血症的颈内动脉狭窄患者，警惕其发生缺血性卒中。
Objective: Analysis of risk factors for ischaemic stroke in patients with internal carotid artery ste-nosis. Methods: From January 2020 to January 2023, 407 patients with internal carotid artery ste-nosis admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were collected, and the clinical data of the first test after admission were collected, and the risk factors for ischemic stroke in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis were analyzed by logistic single and multi-factor regression. Results: Of the 407 patients, the patients were divided into a stroke group (n = 200) and a non-stroke group (n = 207) according to the occurrence of is-chaemic stroke. 200 patients had an ischaemic stroke, an incidence of 49.1%. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, ipsilateral reduced cerebral perfusion, high carotid plaque grade, total cholesterol, HDL and homocysteinemia were independent risk factors for ischaemic stroke in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis (P < 0.1). In contrast, multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that age, ipsilateral presence of reduced cerebral perfusion, high carot-id plaque grade, total cholesterol, and hyperhomocysteinemia were independent risk factors for is-chaemic stroke in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Clinical work should focus on patients with internal carotid artery stenosis of age, ipsilateral reduced cerebral perfusion, high carotid plaque grading, total cholesterol, and hyperhomocysteinemia, to alert them to the development of ischaemic stroke.