世俗的神圣：“还愿”行为的人类学研究——以河南C村张奶奶家为例
Sacredness in the World: An Anthropological Study on the Behavior for Promise Fulfillment—A Case Study of the Grandma Zhang’s Family in C Village, Henan

还愿是为答谢神祇的佑护，偿还对神祇的许愿而进行的民俗活动。本文以河南省平顶山汝州市C村张奶奶家的还愿祭拜活动为例，在神圣与世俗视域下展现了还愿祭拜活动中，还愿者和参与者两类主体的还愿行为所蕴含的世俗性特征。在乡土村庄，孝道伦理并未被完全遗忘，还愿祭拜活动正是为践行孝道而开展的一场维系亲子关系、促进家庭团结的世俗实践。受差序格局的影响，还愿活动也是基于还愿者和参与者的私己喜好及利益惯习而开展，呈现出以私人关系为核心的私性规则特点。
The behavior for promise fulfillment refers to a folk activity to thank a god for its blessing and repay the wish to the god. This paper takes the activity for promise fulfillment of grandma Zhang’s family in village C, Ruzhou County, Pingdingshan City, Henan Province as an example. From the perspective of sacredness and secularity, it shows the secular characteristics contained in the behavior for promise fulfillment of the votaries and participants in the activity for promise fulfillment. In rural villages, the ethics of filial piety have not been completely forgotten. The activity for promise fulfillment is a secular practice, which is in line with the practice of filial piety, to maintain parent-child relationship and promote family unity. Influenced by the difference-order pattern, the activity is also carried out based on the personal preferences and the interests of votaries and participants, showing the private characteristics with private relationship as the core.