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Material Sciences 2023
磺化碳制备方法的研究进展
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Abstract:
“磺化碳”作为一种无金属固体质子酸，由于其与浓硫酸相当的布朗斯台德酸度，低生产成本以及可定制的孔结构，它们被认为是液态硫酸的潜在代替品。在催化领域，特别是对于生物质和大分子的催化转化，其性能优于传统的固体酸催化剂(阳离子交换树脂，硫酸化氧化物和酸性沸石)。在磺化碳的制备过程中最关键的步骤是磺化，碳前体通过该步骤使得碳骨架上拥有磺酸基团。经过多年的研究，目前已经开发并优化出许许多多的磺化方法，这些方法大致可分为原位官能化法和后接枝官能化法，两种方法对磺化碳的结构和表面性质有着直接的影响。本文主要总结论述了制备磺化碳方法的研究进展。
As a metal-free solid protic acid, “sulfonated carbons” are considered as po-tential substitutes for liquid sulfuric acid due to their Brownsted acidity, low production costs, and customizable pore structure. In the field of catalysis, especially for the catalytic conversion of bio-mass and macromolecules, its performance is better than that of traditional solid acid catalysts (cation exchange resins, sulfated oxides and acid zeolite). The most critical step in the preparation of sulfonated carbon is sulfonation, through which the carbon precursor has sulfonic acid groups on the carbon skeleton. After many years of research, many sulfonation methods have been developed and optimized. These methods can be roughly divided into in situ functionalization method and grafting functionalization method. The two methods have direct effects on the structure and surface properties of sulfonated carbon. The research progress of preparation of sulfonated carbon is sum-marized in this paper.
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