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心理学视角下的有效利他主义
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Abstract:
有效利他主义是近年来兴起的一种哲学理念，也是一场社会运动，强调在做出利他行为时用证据和推理算出如何最大化造福他人，即最大或更好地行善。有效利他主义作为一个跨学科概念，自2009年诞生以来，在哲学、伦理学、社会学、心理学等领域引起了广泛关注。心理学视角下的有效利他主义主要关注影响有效利他的阻碍因素和促进措施，但当前关于有效利他主义的实证研究尚处于起步阶段。本研究首先回顾了有效利他主义的基本理念，然后从阻碍因素、促进措施等方面归纳有效利他的影响因素。未来研究可继续关注中国文化背景下的有效利他主义、影响有效利他的个体和情境因素的研究。
Effective altruism is a philosophy that has emerged in recent years. It is also a social movement that emphasizes the use of evidence and reasoning to figure out how to maximize the benefit of others when performing altruistic acts, which is to maximize or better do good. Effective altruism, as an interdisciplinary concept, has attracted wide attention in philosophy, ethics, sociology, psychology and other fields since its birth in 2009. Effective altruism from the perspective of psychology mainly focuses on the hindrance factors and promoting measures that affect effective altruism, but the current empirical research on effective altruism is still in its infancy. This study first reviews the basic concept of effective altruism, and then summarizes the influencing factors of effective altruism from the aspects of hindering factors and promoting measures. Future studies may continue to focus on effective altruism in the Chinese cultural context and the individual and situational factors that influence effective altruism.
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