1958~2020年三穗雾气候特征及气象条件分析
Analysis of Climatic Characteristics and Meteorological Conditions of Sansui Fog from 1958 to 2020

雾对交通和人体健康有着重大的影响。本文利用1958~2020年三穗县气象资料，运用统计方法重点研究了三穗县雾的时间变化特征及形成雾的气象要素物理变化特征。结果表明：近63a三穗共出现3966次雾，年均雾日数约63 d，总体呈波动下降趋势，在1984年和2012年发生多到少的突变。雾日数具有明显的季节特征，主要集中在夏季和秋季。三穗形成的雾主要以浓雾为主，每个月都有出现，强浓雾主要集中在11月，6~8月中没有出现过强浓雾。出现雾的气象条件为20时的相对湿度 > 70%、温度露点差 ≤ 5℃，02时、08时的相对湿度 > 80%、温度露点差 ≤ 2，地面风速 ≤ 2 m/s，20时与02时的温差在1℃~6℃之间。
Fog has a significant impact on traffic and human health. This paper uses the meteorological data of Sansui County from 1958 to 2020, and using statistical methods to study the temporal variation characteristics of fog and the physical variation characteristics of meteorological elements forming fog in Sansui County. The results showed that there were 3966 fogs in Sansui in the past 63 years, with an average annual fog days of about 63 days. The overall trend was fluctuating and decreasing, with from more to less abrupt changes in 1984 and 2012. Sansui fog has obvious seasonal charac-teristics, mainly concentrated in summer and autumn. The fog formed in Sansui is mainly dense fog, which occurs every month, and the thick dense fog events with the visibility less than 200 meters but greater than 50 meters are mainly concentrated in November and did not occur in June to August. The meteorological conditions for fog are the relative humidity at 20:00 > 70%, the depression of the dew point difference ≤ 5？C, the relative humidity at 02:00 and 08:00 > 80%, the depression of the dew point difference ≤ 2？C, ground wind speed ≤ 2 m/s, the temperature difference between 20:00 and 02:00 between 1？C and 6？C.