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PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在食管癌临床治疗中的研究进展
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Abstract:
食管癌是较为常见的恶性肿瘤，主要病例类型为鳞癌以及腺癌，其中90%为鳞癌。食管癌的恶性程度高、预后差，通常发现时已进展至晚期。食管癌的传统治疗方式为手术、放疗、化疗。免疫检查点抑制剂联合化疗已经成为晚期食管癌一线治疗的标准。近些年来，免疫治疗包括程序性细胞1 [PD-1]、程序性细胞凋亡配体1 [PD-L1]、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白4 [CTLA-4]抗体正在改变我们对癌症的理解，并为食管癌的治疗提供了新的见解及方案。围绕PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在食管癌中作用机制及疗效的临床试验也在陆续开展，随着更多临床试验的结果公布，势必会将食管癌免疫治疗带入一个新的时代。
Esophageal cancer is a relatively common malignant tumor. The main types of cases are squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, 90% of which are squamous carcinoma. Esophageal cancer has a high degree of malignancy and a poor prognosis. It usually progresses to advanced stage when it is found. The traditional treatment of esophageal cancer is surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Immunocheckpoint inhibitor combined with chemotherapy has become the standard of first-line treatment for advanced esophageal cancer. In recent years, immunotherapy including programmed cell death-1 [PD-1], programmed cell death ligand-1 [PD-L1], cytotoxic T lymphocyteassociated an-tigen-4 [CTLA-4] antibody is changing our understanding of cancer, and providing new insights and solutions for the treatment of esophageal cancer. Clinical trials focusing on the mechanism and effi-cacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in esophageal cancer are also being carried out in succession. With the release of more clinical trials, it is bound to bring the immunotherapy of esophageal cancer into a new era.
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