|
记忆中的关系自我
|
Abstract:
自我与他人的交往是自我发展的推动力量,关系自我是通过自我与他人的双向关系来理解自我。关系自我的重要性表现在对他人信息的记忆优势效应,内侧前额叶皮层活动的增强以及明显的右脑优势。同时关系自我受关系亲密度、自我与他人的相似性、依恋特征、文化背景等因素的影响。因此,关注一些重要的关系自我类型,以及关系自我的实践应用层面具有重要意义。
The self’s interaction with others is a driving force in the development of the self, and the rela-tional self is understood through the two-way relationship between the self and others. The im-portance of the relational self is demonstrated by the dominant effect of memory for information about others, enhanced activity in the medial prefrontal cortex, and significant right-brain dominance. The relational self is also influenced by factors such as relational closeness, similarity between self and others, attachment characteristics, and cultural background. It is therefore important to focus on some important types of relational self and the practical application dimensions of the relational self.
[1] | 邓敏, 陈旭(2019). 依恋特征在关系自我概念中的长时记忆表征. 见 第二十二届全国心理学学术会议摘要集(pp. 15-16). |
[2] | 高凡, 王沛(2017). 动机性视角与认知加工视角下三重自我的层级关系. 心理科学进展, 25(7), 1208-1217. |
[3] | 赖晓璐, 刘学兰, 黎莉(2018). 亲密关系中的自我扩张. 心理科学进展, 26(12), 2170-2179.
https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.4766.R.20181030.0720.004.html |
[4] | 张静, 任孝鹏, 张力, 徐江(2016). 中国母亲的孩子参照效应. 中国临床心理学杂志, 24(5), 775-779. |
[5] | Cai, H., Sedikides, C., & Jiang, L. (2013). Familial Self as a Potent Source of Affirmation: Evidence from China. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 4, 529-537. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550612469039 |
[6] | Chavez, R. S., & Wagner, D. D. (2020). The Neural Representation of Self Is Recapitulated in the Brains of Friends: A Round-Robin fMRI Study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 118, 407-416.
https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000178 |
[7] | Decety, J., & Sommerville, J. A. (2003). Shared Representations between Self and Other: A Social Cognitive Neuroscience View. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7, 527-533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2003.10.004 |
[8] | Denny, B. T., Kober, H., Wager, T. D., & Ochsner, K. N. (2012). A Meta-Analysis of Functional Neuroimaging Studies of Self- and Other Judgments Reveals a Spatial Gradient for Mentalizing in Medial Prefrontal Cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 24, 1742-1752. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00233 |
[9] | Huang, W., Mamat, M., Shang, R., Zhang, T., Li, H., Wang, Y., Luo, W., & Wu, Y. (2014). Analysis of the Private, Collective, and Relational Self-Cognition among Han and Tibtan Chinese. Psychological Reports, 115, 179-198.
https://doi.org/10.2466/07.17.21.PR0.115c12z9 |
[10] | Leshikar, E. D., & Gutchess, A. H. (2015). Similarity to the Self Affects Memory for Impressions of Others. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 4, 20-28. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0101803 |
[11] | Li, J., Zeng, M., Liu, M., Zhao, X., Hu, W., Wang, C., Deng, C., Li, R., Chen, H., & Yang, J. (2021). Multivariable Pattern Classification Differentiates Relational Self-Esteem from Personal Self-Esteem. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 16, 726-735. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsab053 |
[12] | Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the Self: Implications for Cognition, Emotion, and Motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224-253. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224 |
[13] | Mitchell, J. P., Banaji, M. R., & Macrae, C. N. (2005). The Link between Social Cognition and Self-Referential Thought in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuros-cience, 17, 1306-1315.
https://doi.org/10.1162/0898929055002418 |
[14] | Ugurlar, P., Posten, A.-C., & Zuern, M. (2021). Interpersonal Closeness Impairs Decision Memory. Social Psychology, 52, 125-129. https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000439 |
[15] | Zeng, M., Li, J., Wang, C., Deng, C., Li, R., Chen, H., & Yang, J. (2021). Neural Processing of Personal, Relational, and Collective Self-Worth Reflected Individual Differences of Self-Esteem. Journal of Personality, 90, 133-151.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12658 |
[16] | Zheng, Y., Xiao, Z., Wei, L., & Chen, H. (2018). The Neural Representation of Relational- and Collective-Self: Two Forms of Collectivism. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, Article No. 2624. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02624 |
[17] | Sedikides, C., & Brewer, M. B. (2001). Individual Self, Relational Self, Collective Self. Psychology Press.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315783024 |