不同壳色文蛤免疫酶活性的比较
Comparison of Immunoenzymatic Activities of Clam Meretrix meretrix with Different Shell Colors

软体动物贝壳神话般多姿的颜色和图案令人赞叹，但是，壳色对于贝体的生理意义尚不清晰。本研究选取温州市具有不同壳色的四种文蛤养殖品种(黑斑、红褐色、斑马纹、灰白色)，提取其肝胰腺组织，开展免疫酶活性的测试。结果发现：文蛤壳色对其肝胰腺中超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)的活力有显著影响(F_3,16 = 8.541, P = 0.001)，对其肝胰腺中过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)活力无显著影响(F_3,16 = 0.113, P = 0.951)，对其肝胰腺中丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)的含量无显著影响(F_3,16 = 1.121, P = 0.370)；整体来看，深色文蛤体内具有更强的抗氧化酶活力，红褐色文蛤SOD和CAT活力相对居于最高水平，而灰白色文蛤SOD和CAT活力均为最低。这初步证实了不同壳色文蛤具有不同的抗氧化酶活性，进一步预示着不同的壳色可能与其抗逆性相关。
The mythic diversity of colors and patterns in mollusc shells is impressive, but the physiological significance of shell color in shellfish remains unclear. In this study, four species of clam Meretrix meretrix with different shell colors (black spot, red-brown, zebra grain, gray-white) were selected from Wenzhou City, and hepatopancreas tissues were extracted for immunoenzyme activity test. Among the findings: The shell color of the clam had a significant effect on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in hepatopancreas (F_3,16 = 8.541, P = 0.001). There was no significant effect on the activity of catalase (CAT) in hepatopancreas (F_3,16 = 0.113, P = 0.951), and no significant effect on the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in hepatopancreas (F_3,16 = 1.121, P = 0.370). In general, the dark clam had stronger antioxidant enzyme activities. The SOD and CAT activities of the red-brown clam were the highest, while the SOD and CAT activities of the gray-white clam were the lowest. This preliminary confirmed that clams with different shell colors have different antioxidant enzyme activities, and further suggested that different shell colors may be related to their stress resistance.