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围术期低体温研究进展
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Abstract:
体温是人类的五大生命体征之一，由于激素作用、细胞新陈代谢和身体活动产生的热量，正常体温维持在36℃至37.5℃的低安全范围内，术中低体温(IH) (核心温度 < 36℃)是接受手术的患者常见的并发症。一些以患者为中心的外部因素，如药物、合并症、创伤、环境温度、麻醉类型以及手术的程度和持续时间，都会影响核心温度。围手术期低体温对凝血、失血和输血需求、药物代谢、手术部位感染和麻醉后监护病房的出院有负面影响。因此，围术期积极的温度管理，防治IPH已成为加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery, ERAS)的重要环节。
Body temperature is one of the five vital signs of human beings. Due to hormone action, cell metab-olism and heat generated by physical activity, normal body temperature is kept in a low safe range of 36？C to 37.5？C. Intraoperative hypothermia (IH) (core temperature < 36？C) is a common compli-cation of patients undergoing surgery. Some patient-centered external factors, such as drugs, com-plications, trauma, ambient temperature, anesthesia type, and the degree and duration of surgery, will all affect the core temperature. Perioperative hypothermia has negative effects on blood coagu-lation, blood loss and blood transfusion requirements, drug metabolism, surgical site infection and discharge from the intensive care unit after anesthesia. Therefore, active perioperative tempera-ture management and prevention of IPH have become an important link of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS).
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