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情绪注意偏向的研究方法及神经机制
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Abstract:
临床和非临床的群体都存在对潜在威胁刺激的注意偏向过程，理解注意偏向的形成基础对许多异常行为矫正和心理疾病症状的改善具有重要作用。研究注意偏向的范式主要有情绪Stroop和点探测两种范式。反应时指标和眼动追踪指标是反映个体注意偏向的直接行为指标，但其都不能探究注意偏向过程的神经机制，而神经生理研究方法弥补了这种不足，尤其是功能性核磁成像技术提供了精确的大脑活动信息。注意偏向神经影像的结果在健康个体、临床个体以及治疗效果上都出现了近乎一致的脑区。未来注意偏向的研究需要同时结合多种技术手段，从而弥补不同技术彼此的不足。
Both clinical and non-clinical groups have attentional bias to potential threat stimuli. Understanding the basis of attentional bias plays an important role in the correction of many abnormal behaviors and the improvement of symptoms of mental illness. There are two paradigms for studying attentional bias: emotional Stroop and dot-probe. Reaction time index and eye-tracking index are direct behavioral indicators that reflect individual attentional bias, but neither of them can explore the neural mechanism of attentional bias process, and neurophysiological research methods make up for this deficiency, especially functional nuclear magnetic imaging technology provides precise brain activity information. The neuroimaging results show nearly identical brain regions across healthy individuals, clinical individuals, and treatment effects. Future research on attentional bias needs to combine multiple technical means at the same time, so as to make up for the shortcomings of different technologies.
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