|
|
在线短时正念冥想训练对缓解大学生社交焦虑的作用
|
Abstract:
为考察在线短时正念冥想训练对社交焦虑的缓解作用，本研究采用实验组对照组前后测追踪设计。研究对短时正念冥想训练组进行线上连续7天、每天15分钟的实验操纵，对照组不进行任何操作。结果表明：社交焦虑水平在短时正念冥想训练组条件下，后测和1个月追踪测显著低于前测，1个月追踪测结果与后测差异不显著；在对照组条件下，前测、后测和追踪测结果两两差异均不显著。由此可见，在线短时正念冥想训练能够显著降低大学生的社交焦虑水平，且1个月后的效果依旧显著。
In order to investigate the alleviating effect of online brief mindfulness meditation training on social anxiety, the study used a follow-up design with a pre-test and post-test on both experimental group and the control group. In the study, the brief mindfulness meditation training group was operated online for 7 consecutive days and 15 minutes a day, while the control group was not operated. The results showed that the level of social anxiety in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the pre-test and the 1-month follow-up test, and there was no significant difference between the 1-month follow-up test and the post-test; there was no significant difference in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up test results of social anxiety in the control group. Thus, online brief mindfulness meditation training can significantly reduce the social anxiety level of college students, and the effect is still significant after 1 month.
| [1] | 陈思佚, 崔红, 周仁来, 贾艳艳(2012). 正念注意觉知量表(MAAS)的修订及信效度检验. 中国临床心理学杂志, 20(2), 148-151. |
| [2] | 陈曦, 钟杰, 钱铭怡(2004). 社交焦虑个体的注意偏差实验研究. 中国心理卫生杂志, 18(12), 846-849. |
| [3] | 丛中, 高文凤(1999). 自我接纳问卷的编制与信度效度检验. 中国行为医学科学, (1), 20-22. |
| [4] | 高文凤, 丛中(2001). 医学院新生自尊与自我接纳心理调查. 中国学校卫生, 22(1), 18-19. |
| [5] | 侯娟, 朱英格, 方晓义(2021). 手机成瘾与抑郁: 社交焦虑和负性情绪信息注意偏向的多重中介作用. 心理学报, 53(4), 362-373. |
| [6] | 李广, 李昳, 马雪玉(2018). 自我聚焦注意的病性心理特征及干预. 医学与哲学: B, 39(6), 67-70+80. |
| [7] | 李萌(2020). 社交焦虑水平对于元知觉准确性的影响研究. 硕士学位论文, 曲阜: 曲阜师范大学,. |
| [8] | 李涛, 冯菲(2013). 社交焦虑解释偏差:研究范式、特征及矫正. 心理科学进展, 21(12), 2196-2203. |
| [9] | 李英, 席敏娜, 申荷永(2009). 正念禅修在心理治疗和医学领域中的应用. 心理科学, 32(2), 397-398+387. |
| [10] | 彭纯子, 龚耀先, 朱熊兆(2004). 交往焦虑量表的信效度及其在中国大学生中的适用性. 中国心理卫生杂志, 18(1), 39-41. |
| [11] | 彭顺, 汪夏, 牛更枫, 张红坡, 胡祥恩(2019). 负面评价恐惧对社交焦虑的影响: 基于社交焦虑的认知行为模型. 心理发展与教育, 35(1), 121-128. |
| [12] | 邱小余(2020). 接纳与承诺疗法对有留守经历大学生社交焦虑的干预研究. 硕士学位论文, 苏州: 苏州大学. |
| [13] | 孙俊芳, 辛自强, 包呼格吉乐图, 张学敏, 李翠云(2021). 正念训练对主观幸福感及其成分的影响: 一项元分析. 中国临床心理学杂志, 29(3), 648-652+602. |
| [14] | 唐继亮, 宣宾(2012). 等值正负评价对高低社交焦虑“同图寻异”任务的影响. 见 第十五届全国心理学学术会议论文摘要集(pp. 437-437). 中国心理学会. |
| [15] | 魏一帆, 唐辉(2021). 正念训练对自我客体化的影响. 心理技术与应用, 9(7), 402-410. |
| [16] | 严婧(2021). 正念冥想对情绪记忆的影响. 硕士学位论文, 兰州: 西北师范大学. |
| [17] | 余红玉, 李松蔚, 钱铭怡(2013). 社交焦虑者的自我聚焦注意特点(综述). 中国心理卫生杂志, 27(2), 147-150. |
| [18] | 余红玉, 钱铭怡, 姚泥沙(2015). 积极关注对社交焦虑者焦虑及认知偏差的影响. 中国临床心理学杂志, 23(6), 1124-1128. |
| [19] | 张亚利, 李森, 俞国良(2019). 自尊与社交焦虑的关系:基于中国学生群体的元分析. 心理科学进展, 27(6), 1005-1018. |
| [20] | 钟佑洁, 张进辅(2011). 大学生评价恐惧在自尊与社交焦虑间的中介效应分析. 心理发展与教育, 27(5), 506-512. |
| [21] | Bl？te, A. W., Miers, A. C., Heyne, D. A., Clark, D. M., & Westenberg, P. M. (2014). The Relation between Social Anxiety and Audience Perception: Examining Clark and Wells’ (1995) Model among Adolescents. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 42, 555-567. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465813000271 |
| [22] | Cavanagh, K., Churchard, A., O’Hanlon, P., Mundy, T., Votolato, P., Jones, F., Strauss, C. et al. (2018). A Randomised Controlled Trial of a Brief Online Mindfulness-Based Intervention in a Non-Clinical Population: Replication and Extension. Mindfulness, 9, 1191-1205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-017-0856-1 |
| [23] | Cavanagh, K., Strauss, C., Cicconi, F., Griffiths, N., Wyper, A., & Jones, F. (2013). A Randomised Controlled Trial of a Brief Online Mindfulness-Based Intervention. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 51, 573-578.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2013.06.003 |
| [24] | Cheng, G., Zhang, D., & Ding, F. (2015). Self-Esteem and Fear of Negative Evaluation as Mediators between Family Socioeconomic Status and Social Anxiety in Chinese Emerging Adults. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 61, 569-576.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764014565405 |
| [25] | Clark, D. M., & Wells, A. (1995). A Cognitive Model of Social Phobia. Guilford Press. |
| [26] | Emily, K., Lindsay, J., & David, C. (2017). Mechanisms of Mindfulness Training: Monitor and Acceptance Theory (MAT). Clinical Psychology Review, 51, 48-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.10.011 |
| [27] | Goldstein, Sprafkin, A. P., Gershaw, R. P., & Jane, N. (1976). Structured Learning Therapy: Training for Community Living. Psychotherapy: Theory, 13, 374-377. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0086507 |
| [28] | Halperin, S., Nathan, P., Drummond, P., & Castle, D. (2000). A Cogni-tive-Behavioural, Group-Based Intervention for Social Anxiety in Schizophrenia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 34, 809-813.
https://doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2000.00820.x |
| [29] | Lindsay, E. K., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Mechanisms of Mindfulness Training: Monitor and Acceptance Theory ( MAT). Clinical Psychology Review, 51, 48-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.10.011 |
| [30] | Lindsay, E. K., Chin, B., GreCO, C. M., Young, S., Brown, K. W., Wright, A. G. C., Creswell, J. D. et al. (2018). How Mindfulness Training Promotes Positive Emotions: Dismantling Acceptance Skills Training in Two Randomized Controlled Trials. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 115, 944-973. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000134 |
| [31] | Neophytou, K., & Panayiotou, G. (2022). Does Attention Bias Modification Reduce Anxiety in Socially Anxious College Students? An Experimental Study of Potential Moderators and Considerations for Implementation. PLOS ONE, 17, e0264256.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264256 |
| [32] | Tang, Y., Ma, Y., Fan, Y., Feng, H., Wang, J., Feng, S., et al. (2009). Central and Autonomic Nervous System Interaction Is Altered by Short-Term Meditation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106, 8865-8870. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0904031106 |
| [33] | Visted, E., Vollestad, J., Nielsen, M. B., & Nielsen, G. H. (2014). The Impact of Group-Based Mindfulness Training on Self-Reported Mindfulness: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis. Mindfulness, 6, 501-522.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-014-0283-5 |
| [34] | Weeks, J. W., Heimberg, R. G., Rodebaugh, T. L., & Norton, P. J. (2008). Exploring the Relationship between Fear of Positive Evaluation and Social Anxiety. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22, 386-400.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.04.009 |
| [35] | Wu, R., Liu, L. L., Zhu, H., Su, W. J., Cao, Z. Y., Zhong, S. Y., Jiang, C. L. et al. (2019). Brief Mindfulness Meditation Improves Emotion Processing. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 13, 1074. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.01074 |
| [36] | Zeidan, F., Johnson, S. K., Diamond, B. J., David, Z., & Goolkasian, P. (2010). Mindfulness Meditation Improves Cognition: Evidence of Brief Mental Training. Consciousness and Cognition, 19, 597-605.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2010.03.014 |
