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新型冠状病毒疫情背景下儿童期不良经历对成人心理健康的影响：正念和自我同情的链式中介作用
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Abstract:
目的：1、探讨疫情下儿童不良经历对的成人心理健康的影响；2、探讨正念和自我同情在童年不良经历ACEs与成人心理健康关系中的链式中介作用。方法：采用方便取样法对在校大学生及社会人士发送网络问卷，共有1994名参与者提交了问卷，最终得到1987份有效问卷。被试年龄在17~46岁之间(19.7 ± 1.874)。其中男性1016人(51.13%)，女性971人(48.87%)。该调查分别采用童年创伤问卷(CTQ-SF)、自我同情量表(SCS)、正念五因素问卷(FFMQ)和抑郁焦虑和压力量表(DASS-21)评估了童年不良经历、正念、自我同情、心理健康情况。结果：1、有无童年不良经历的参与者在心理健康上存在统计学意义(P < 0.001)，是否隔离不存在统计学意义，童年不良经历和隔离无交互作用。2、童年不良经历与正念、自我同情均呈显著负相关，与心理健康(抑郁、焦虑、压力)成显著正相关；正念与自我同情成显著正相关，与心理健康(抑郁、焦虑、压力)呈显著负相关；自我同情与心理健康(抑郁、焦虑、压力)呈显著负相关。正念和自我同情在童年不良经历对心理健康(抑郁、焦虑、压力)的链式中介作用成立。结论：1. 新型冠状病毒疫情下是否隔离不影响人们心理健康(抑郁、焦虑、压力)，童年不良经历导致心理健康水平下降；2. 可以通过正念和自我同情提高童年不良经历人群的心理健康水平。
Objective: 1) To explore the impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on adult mental health under the Covid-19 pandemic. 2) The chain-mediating role of mindfulness and self-compassion in the relationship between childhood adverse experiences and adult mental health (depression, anxiety, stress). Methods: Participants were 1,994 college students and social personages (N = 1,987, Mage = 19.7 ± 1.874, 1016 males (51.13%), 971 females (48.87%)). The convenient sampling method was used to send network questionnaires to Participants. The childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF), Self-compassion Scale (SCS), Mindfulness Five-Factor Questionnaire (FFMQ) and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used to assess ACEs, mindfulness, self-compassion and mental health, respectively. Results: 1. There was statistical significance in mental health of participants with or without adverse childhood experience (P < 0.001), there was no statistical significance in quarantine, and there was no interaction between ACEs and quarantine. 2. ACEs were significantly negatively correlated with mindfulness and self-compassion, and significantly positively correlated with mental health (depression, anxiety and stress); mindfulness was significantly positively correlated with self-compassion and negatively correlated with mental health (depression, anxiety and stress); self-compassion was significantly negatively associated with mental health (depression, anxiety, stress). The chain mediating effect of mindfulness and self-compassion on mental health (depression, anxiety and stress) caused by ACEs was confirmed. Conclusions: 1. Quarantine does not affect the mental health (depression, anxiety and stress), ACEs affect mental health (de-pression, anxiety and stress); 2. The mental health of people with ACEs can be improved through mindfulness and self-compassion.
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