青岛LNG接收站自然灾害风险识别、评价及防控
Natural Disaster Risk Identification, Assessment and Prevention of Qingdao LNG Terminal

LNG接收站是我国接收进口LNG资源的重要中转站，对于保障国家能源安全有重要作用。随着LNG接收站建设的快速发展，在接收站建设及运营过程中遭受自然灾害危害事故时有发生，对人民生命财产安全、企业安全运营构成了严重威胁。因此，加强开展LNG接收站及附近区域内自然灾害风险详细调查，对存在风险进行分级评价，进一步提出对应的防范措施，对保障我国能源安全具有重要意义。文章以青岛LNG接收站为研究区，通过现场调研、实地测绘识别接收站存在的自然灾害风险，采用风险指数法、层次分析法、城市雨洪模拟模型等多种方法对接收站面临的自然灾害开展分级风险评价，最后提出LNG接收站自然灾害风险防控具体措施。成果应用表明：通过LNG接收站自然灾害风险识别与评价并提出相应的风险防控措施，对青岛LNG接收站的自然灾害现状与整体情况有了全面的了解，手机APP的应用让管理人员实时全面掌握接收站及附近区域的气象、海洋、地质灾害情况，及时获取到关于自然灾害相关的预警信息，实现了自然灾害隐患从发现到处置、到事后持续管理的连续追踪，为自然灾害系统管理提供技术支持。
LNG terminal is an important transfer station for imported LNG resources in China, which plays an important role in ensuring national energy security. With the rapid development of LNG terminal construction, natural disasters often occur during the construction and operation of LNG terminal, which poses a serious threat to the safety of people’s lives and property and the safety of enterprises. Therefore, we should strengthen the detailed investigation of natural disaster risk in LNG terminal and nearby area, carry out grading evaluation of existing risk, and further propose corresponding preventive measures; it is of great significance to ensure China’s energy security. Taking the Qingdao LNG terminal as the research area, the natural disaster risk of the receiving station is identified through field investigation and field mapping, risk Index method, analytic hierarchy process (AHP-RRB-method and simulation model of urban rainfall and flood are used to carry out risk assessment of natural disasters faced by receiving stations, finally, the specific measures of natural disaster risk prevention and control for LNG terminal are put forward. The results show that the natural disaster status and the whole situation of the LNG terminal in Qingdao are fully understood through the identification and evaluation of the natural disaster risk and the corresponding risk prevention and control measures, the application of the mobile phone APP allows managers to fully grasp the weather, ocean and geological disasters in the receiving station and nearby areas in real time, and obtain early warning information about natural disasters in a timely manner, it can trace the hidden danger of natural disaster from discovery to disposal and to continuous management afterwards, and provide technical support for natural disaster system management.