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大学生任务失败后的酸葡萄效应
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Abstract:
酸葡萄效应是指个体失败后贬低目标的现象。为考察个体经历失败后的酸葡萄效应，本研究以54名大学生为被试，采用部件组字任务探究个体失败前、后对目标态度的转变。结果发现，任务失败后，个体对心理协会的评价、成功进入心理协会的幸福感预期以及加入心理协会的动机强度得分均低于任务前。表明大学生经历失败后，在认知、情绪和行为倾向上均会产生酸葡萄效应。
The sour grapes effect refers to the phenomenon of individuals devaluing goals after failure. In order to examine the sour grapes effect after individuals experienced academic setbacks, this study used 54 undergraduates as subjects to explore the change in attitude towards the target before and after failure using an anagram task. The results showed that after failure of the task, the scores of individuals’ evaluations of the psychological association, their expectation of happiness in successfully entering the psychological association, and their motivational intensity for joining the psychological association were lower than those before the task. The result reveals that after undergraduates experience failure, there will be sour grapes effect on cognitive, affect and behavior tendency.
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