潮汐对海洋建设的影响及安平站潮汐特征分析
Influence of Tides on Ocean Construction and Analysis of Tidal Characteristics at Anping Station

随着全球气候变暖，海平面不断上升，潮汐能蕴含的能量逐渐成为新能源领域的焦点，对海洋潮汐的观测与应用成为众多科研人员着力攻关的技术。在前人对于潮汐在各个领域进行了系统研究的基础上，本文首先从潮汐的定义、分类、对人类生活的影响、潮汐发电、对军事的影响几个角度出发介绍潮汐，并利用观测资料统计分析了安平站的潮汐特征，覆盖最高潮位、大潮平均高潮位、平均潮位、平均低潮位等一系列关键要素的月际变化特征，结果表明：安平站的潮汐大部分属于不规则半日潮或全日潮类型，全年最高潮位在6月达到最高值2 m，大潮平均高潮位在7月达到最大值1.59 m，平均潮位在5~10月均有较高值并在8月达到最高值0.98 m，平均低潮位变化趋势与平均潮位一致，最低值在1月不足0.4 m。
With global warming and rising sea level, the energy contained in tidal energy has gradually become the focus of the field of new energy, and the observation and ap-plication of ocean tides have become a key technology for many researchers. On the basis of the systematic study of tide in various fields by predecessors, this paper firstly introduces tide from the perspectives of its definition, classification, influence on human life, tidal power generation, and in-fluence on military affairs, and the tidal characteristics of Anping Station are analyzed statistically based on the observation data, which cover the inter-monthly variation characteristics of a series of key factors such as the highest tidal level, the average high tide level of spring tide, the average tide level and the average low tide level, the results show that: most of the tides at Anping Station are irregular half-diurnal or diurnal tides. The maximum tidal level reaches 2 m in June, the average high tide level of spring tide reaches a peak level of 1.59 m in July. The average tide level has a higher value from May to October and reaches a peak value of 0.98 m in August. The variation trend of the average low tide level is consistent with the average tide level. The lowest was less than 0.4 m in January.