基于语料库的口译记忆训练实践研究
A Corpus-Based Study of Memory Training in Interpreting

口译记忆能力是一项重要的口译能力，直接影响到译员的口译表现。在交替传译第一个阶段(即“听辨 + 记笔记”阶段)，记笔记过程中依靠短时记忆调取听辨过程中存储的信息。在交替传译第二个阶段(即“笔记回读 + 口译产出”阶段)，译员依靠短时记忆借由交传笔记中的“只言片语”回忆起源语的全部信息。同声传译工作模式表现为“源语听辨”和“口译产出”的同时性，短时记忆发挥的作用更大。同传的工作模式对译员短时记忆提取信息的效率、精准度、多任务协同能力等方面提出了很高要求。因此口译记忆训练显得尤为重要。本文在传统口译记忆训练方法的基础上，结合语料库技术，开展口译记忆训练研究，并且从讲授基于语料库的口译记忆训练方法、口译记忆课堂分组训练、口译记忆信息统计、训练后访谈、评估基于语料库的口译记忆训练方法的训练效果等方面对基于语料库的口译记忆训练实践提出了具体设计方案。
Memory capacity is an important interpretation competence, which directly affects the performance of interpreters. In the first stage of consecutive interpreting, namely “listening comprehension plus note-taking”, interpreters take notes by relying on short-term memory to retrieve information stored in the listening process. In the second stage of consecutive interpreting, namely “note-reading plus reproduction”, interpreters rely on short-term memory to recall all the information in the source language with the help of interpretation notes taken in consecutive interpreting. The working mode of simultaneous interpreting is characterized by the simultaneity of the listening comprehension of source language and the reproduction, and short-term memory plays an even greater role. Simultaneous interpreting imposes high requirements on the efficiency and accuracy of interpreters’ retrieval of information by short-term memory and their competence of multitasking coordination. Therefore, memory training in interpreting is particularly important. A corpus-based study of memory training in interpreting is conducted on the basis of the analysis of traditional memory training methods in interpreting, which puts forward a specific design for the corpus-based interpretation memory training from the aspects of teaching the methods of corpus-based interpretation memory training, group training of interpretation memory in classroom, statistics of interpretation memory information, post training interviews, and evaluating the training effects of corpus-based interpretation memory training methods.