翻译学习者日汉翻译过程中的误译研究
A Study of Mistranslation in the Process of Japanese to Chinese Translation by Translation Learners

误译研究是近年来备受关注的研究方向，在避免语用错误、提升翻译质量、实现跨文化交际等方面具有重要意义。本文以两组翻译经验不同的翻译学习者为实验对象，聚焦日汉翻译过程，搜集翻译数据，明确误译种类，探讨误译特征，重构误译评价体系，优化误译分类标准，从而指导外语课堂教学，降低误译发生率，切实提升翻译学习者的翻译能力。研究发现，误译发生频率最高的类别为“原文内容的歪曲”，频率较低的类别为“语义模糊性”、“搭配的错误”、“介词或助词的错误”，且不同经验的翻译学习者误译类别区别较大。根据研究结果，翻译教学过程中教师应根据误译评价体系，总结常见误译问题，引导翻译学习者形成译前宏观把握及误译规避意识，确保原文信息有效传递，切实提升翻译质量，培育高水平翻译人才。
The study of mistranslation is a research direction that has received much attention in recent years, and is of great significance in avoiding linguistic errors, improving translation quality, and realizing cross-cultural communication. This paper takes two groups of translation learners with different translation experiences as the experimental subjects, focuses on the process of Japanese-Chinese translation, collects translation data, clarifies the types of mistranslation, explores the characteristics of mistranslation, reconstructs the mistranslation evaluation system, and optimizes the mistranslation classification criteria, so as to guide foreign language classroom teaching, reduce the incidence of mistranslation, and effectively improve the translation ability of translation learners. It is found that the most frequent category of mistranslation is “distortion of original text”, and the less frequent categories are “semantic ambiguity”, “collocation error”, “preposition or auxiliary”, and “mistranslation”. The lower frequency categories are “semantic ambiguity”, “collocation errors”, and “errors in prepositions or auxiliaries”, and there is a big difference in the categories of mistranslation among translation learners with different experiences. According to the research results, teachers should summarize common mistranslation problems in the translation teaching process according to the mistranslation evaluation system, and guide translation learners to form the awareness of pre-translation macro grasp and mistranslation avoidance, so as to ensure the effective transmission of the information of the original text, effectively improve the translation quality and cultivate high-level translation talents.