内蒙古地区社区老年人肌少症患病率及相关因素分析
Analysis of the Prevalence and Related Factors of Sarcopenia among the Elderly in the Community in Inner Mongolia

目的：了解内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市社区老年人肌少症的患病率情况并分析其影响因素。方法：2021年4月至7月在内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市社区对526例60岁以上老年人进行测试与调查，收集患者的一般资料、肌少症诊断指标、骨密度仪器和动脉硬化检测仪指标，采取老年人运动(GLFS)、营养(NUFFE)、睡眠(PSQI)、抑郁(GDS)、社会支持(SSRS)等量表对患者进行评估，根据中华医学会骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病分会制定筛查流程和评价方法，将患者分为肌少症组和非肌少症组。采用二元Logistic回归分析探讨内蒙古地区社区患者发生肌少症的影响因素。结果：526名老年人中共检出肌少症老年人共92人(男53人，女39人)，肌少症患病率为17.5% (男性17.6%，女性17.3%)。肌少症组与非肌少症组在年龄、居住方式、文化程度方面均存在显著性差异(P < 0.05)，在性别、民族、婚姻状况、职业、工作状况、月收入、生活来源、医疗费用方面未见显著性差异(P > 0.05)。肌少症组与非肌少症组血压、BMI、体脂率、蛋白质含量、全身总肌肉量、四肢肌指数、骨密度T值、骨密度Z值、左侧脉搏波传导速度值(LbaPWV)、右侧脉搏波传导速度值(RbaPWV)、肺活量具有显著性差异(P < 0.01)，二元Logistic回归分析显示，年龄{OR = 0.954, 95% CI (0.913~0.996)}、体脂率{OR = 0.882, 95% CI (0.840~0.926)}、RbaPWV {OR = 0.998, 95% CI (0.997~0.999)}、运动功能{OR = 0.947, 95% CI (0.913~0.983)}、营养状况{OR = 0.899, 95% CI (0.855~0.946)}是社区老年人患肌少症的保护因素，BMI {OR = 1.14, 95% CI (1.038~1.252)}、骨密度T值{OR = 2.422, 95% CI (1.725~3.399)}、心理健康{OR = 1.057, 95% CI (1.028~1.086)}是患肌少症的危险因素。结论：内蒙古地区社区老年人的肌少症患病率总体偏高，年龄、体脂率、RbaPWV、运动功能、营养状况是社区老年人患肌少症的保护因素，BMI、骨密度T值、心理健康是患肌少症的危险因素。
Objective: To understand the prev-alence of sarcopenia among the elderly in the community of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: From April to July 2021, 526 elderly people over 60 years old were tested and investigated in the community of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Au-tonomous Region. At the same time, their general data, sarcopenia diagnostic indicators, bone min-eral density and arteriosclerosis detector indicators were collected. Exercise (GLFS), nutrition (NUFFE), sleep (PSQI), depression (GDS), social support (SSRS) and other aspects of the elderly were evaluated with scales. The screening procedures and evaluation methods were formulated accord-ing to the osteoporosis and bone mineral Salt Disease Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and the patients were divided into sarcopenia group and non-sarcopenia group. Binary Logistic re-gression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of sarcopenia in Inner Mongolia community patients. Results: A total of 92 elderly people with sarcopenia (53 males and 39 females) were detected in 526 elderly people, and the prevalence of sarcopenia was 17.5% (male 17.6%, fe-male 17.3%). There were significant differences between the sarcopenia group and the non-sarcopenia group in terms of age, living style, and educational level (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in gender, nationality, marital status, occupation, working status, monthly income, sources of living and medical expenses between the two groups (P > 0.05). Blood pressure, BMI, body fat