Determination Antibiotic Sensitivity Profile of Bacterial Isolates among Reproductive Aged Non-Pregnant Women Attending Thika Level 5 Hospital

Introduction: Bacteriuria is commonly found in women and about thirty three percent (33%) of adult women have encountered an incidence of symptomatic cystitis at least once in their life time. In case the uropathogens are unidentified and management undertaken, bacteriuria may cause more dangerous and adversed complications, including nephritis and renal failure. Majority of studies done in Kenya have focused on pregnant women with no documented information available on the sexually active non pregnant women population despite a heightened risk of bacteriuria in this age group. The objectives of this study were to determine the occurrence of bacteriuria, to isolate bacterial pathogens associated with the bacteriuria, and to determine antibiotic susceptibility profile on the isolated bacterial pathogens in sexually active non pregnant women attending Thika Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu County, Kenya. Materials and Methods: The study employed a cross sectional design and random sampling technique. Three hundred and eighty four (384) midstream urine samples were collected from reproductive aged non pregnant women of attending Thika Level 5 Hospital between January 2018 to December 2018. The positive samples were cultured on Cystine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient (CLED) media and Antibiotic susceptibility test was done using muller hinton agar. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done on the antibiotics recommended for bacteriuria by the Ministry of Health. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-square test at a confidence interval of 95%. Results: Out of 384 urine samples tested, 311 (81%) samples had significant growth (P = 0.001) and 73 (19%) had no growth (P = 0.056). Bacterial pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (41.48%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (30.55%), Proteus mirabilis (13.85%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.68%) and Klebsiella aerogenes (5.47%). Among the ten antibiotics tested, bacterial isolates were sensitive to Cefuroxime at 93.2% (χ² = 29.809, P = 0.001) and resistant to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole at 89.7% (χ² = 62.791, P = 0.001). Conclusion: This study concluded that, Cefuroxime antibiotic is the drug of choice against bacteriuria and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole antibiotic should not be used in bacteriuria therapy. This study recommended that, since antibiotic resistance among the uropathogens is evolving problem, a routine surveillance to monitor the etiologic agents of bacteriuria and the resistance pattern should be carried out timely to choose the most effective empirical treatment by the physicians. Data obtained from this study is important in appropriate management and treatment of bacteriuria. This will help in proper prescription of the appropriate antibiotic for the treatment of bacteriuria.