Background: Rheumatic Valvular Heart disease (RVHD) is common
in developing countries often associated with anemia; however its burden is
often overlooked. Anemic patients undergoing surgery are likely to receive
blood transfusion, increasing morbidity and mortality. Prevalence of anemia in
cardiac surgical patients are studied extensively, however its burden in RVHD is lacking. This study attempted to investigate the
prevalence of preoperative anemia in RVHD and its effect on blood transfusion,
morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing valve surgery. Methods: This
is a retrospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in
Nepal. We considered 340 patients who underwent Rheumatic valve replacement
surgery from 2014 January to December 2016 and data on their socio-demographic
and clinical characteristics were extracted from the patient’s records. The analyses meeting the study objectives
were conducted using IBM SPSS v25 for Windows (IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences, 2015IBM Corporation, New York, United States). Results: The prevalence of no anemia, mild, moderate,
and severe anemia was 34.1%, 57.7%, 39.6%, 2.5%, respectively. The units of Red
Blood Cell used for transfusion were 1.2 units, 2.0 units, 2.3 units, and 1.6 units in
patients without anemia, and those with mild, moderate and severe anemia respectively. The incidence of reexploration was higher in
patients w
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