Introduction: The pathologies associated with excessive weight gain during pregnancy
are numerous and frequent. They are the cause of significant maternal and
perinatal morbidity and mortality and thus pose a real public health problem. Patients
and method: The main objective of our work was to study the influence of
excessive weight gain on maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in a
university hospital in Cotonou. Study method: The study took place at
the CUGO. This was a descriptive and analytical study with retrospective data
collection over a period of 10 years from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2021. The analysis focused on the
description of pregnant women and the search for factors associated with an excessive weight gain during pregnancy and which influence maternal and
perinatal prognosis. The different odds ratios and their confidence intervals
were calculated. The significance level was 5%. Results: A total of 690
pregnant women were included and divided into four sub-populations according to
their pre-gestational or first trimester BMI: 05.94% underweight
pregnant women, 41.74% normal BMI pregnant women, 28.55% of overweight pregnant women and 23.77% obese
pregnant women. The average age of pregnant women was 30.41 years ±5.40 years. They were
civil servants (35.80%) and resided in Cotonou in 93.91% of cases. Pregnant
women had a history of hypertension in nearly 3% of cases. Pregnancy
hypertension (07.97%) was the main pathology associated with pregnancy in our
study. Weight gain was excessive in overweight pregnant women and obese
pregnant women in the same proportion 41.12%. The average weight gain was 9.42
kg for underweight pregnant women, 8.35 kg for pregnant women with a normal BMI,
8.46 kg for overweight pregnant women and 7.45 kg for obese pregnant women.
Pregnant women who had gained excessive weight during pregnancy had a 9 times
higher risk of having pregnancy-induced hypertension (OR = 9.5 and p ≤0.0001). They also
presented a 6 times higher risk of having pre-eclampsia (OR = 6.6; p ≤ 0.0001).
The risk of gestational diabetes is
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